An Efficient Heart Rate Measurement System Using Medical Radar and LSTM Neural Network

Table 3

Comparison results with other studies.

Reference	Center frequency	Modulation mode	Signal processing algorithm	Monitor function	Results
[22]	10 GHz	FMCW/pulsed chirp	Interferometric time/phase analysis/ITPA algorithm	Localization/respiration and heartbeat monitoring/fall detection	Not report for heart rate accuracy
[23]	7.8–8.05 GHz	FMCW	Spectrogram analysis/phase analysis	Respiration and heartbeat monitoring/spatial tracking	98.5% for respiration rate and 95.5% for heart rate
[7]	24 GHz	FMCW	Artificial neural network	Heartbeat monitoring	15.3% for heart rate average error
This work	24 GHz	FMCW	Arctangent demodulation/deep learning	Heartbeat monitoring	98.19% for heart rate accuracy; 1.8% for heart rate average error in [13]; 96.22% for heart rate accuracy; 3.77% for heart rate average error in practical data