Research Article

Optimal Decision-Making on Hybrid Off-Grid Energy Systems for Rural and Remote Areas Electrification in the Northern Cameroon

Table 2

Input parameters for simulation.

DesignationValue

PV capital cost ($/W)2
PV replacement cost ($/W)2
PV lifetime (year)25
PV derating factor (%)88
Battery capital cost ($/kWh)1000
Battery replacement cost ($/kWh)800
Battery O&M cost ($/year)50
Battery lifetime (year)8
Battery initial state of charge (%)100
Battery minimum state of charge (%)20
Bidirectional inverter capital cost ($/kW)800
Bidirectional inverter replacement cost ($/kW)750
Bidirectional inverter O&M cost ($/year)100
Bidirectional inverter efficiency (%)95
Bidirectional inverter lifetime (year)15
Wind turbine BWC XL.1 capital cost ($)3900
Wind turbine BWC XL.1 replacement cost ($)3900
Wind turbine BWC XL.1 O&M cost ($/year)100
Wind turbine BWC XL.1 hub height (m)10
Wind turbine BWC XL.1 lifetime (year)20
Charge regulator lifetime (year)15
Diesel generator capital cost ($/kW)200
Diesel generator replacement cost ($/kW)200
Diesel generator O&M cost ($/op.hr)0.5
Diesel generator emissions (g/l)16.5
Diesel generator load ratio (%)30
Diesel generator lifetime (hours)15000
Diesel fuel price ($/l)1.07
Nominal discount rate (%)8
Inflation rate (%)2
Project lifetime (years)25