Health Risk Assessment of Trace Elements in Soil for People Living and Working in a Mining Area

Table 1

Exposure parameters for children and adult population used in the present study [31].

Parameter	Unit	Adult	Child
Ingestion rate	mg/day	100	200
Exposure duration (ED)	Years	30	6
Body weight	kg	70	15
Inhalation rate	m^3/day	20	10
Exposure frequency	Days/year	350	350
Dermal exposure ratio	—	0.61	0.61
Conversion factor	kg/mg	10^–6	10^–6
Dermal absorption factor	—	0.1	0.1
Skin surface area	cm^2	5800	2100
Soil adherence factor	mg/cm^2	0.07	0.2
Average time
For carcinogenic	Days	365 × 70	365 × 70
For noncarcinogenic		365 × ED	365 × ED