Journal of Environmental and Public Health

Research Article

The Control Index for the Construction of Sponge City in the Residential Area: A Case Study of Nanjing Jiangbei New District

Table 9

Comparison of low-impact development facilities.
Single facilityFunctionsControl objectivesSolving methodEconomyEconomyPollutant removal rate (calculated by SS,%)Landscape effect
Collecting and storing rainwaterSupplementing groundwaterReducing peak flowPurifying rainwaterTransmissionTotal runoffPeak runoffRunoff pollutionDispersionRelatively concentratedConstruction costsMaintenance costs
Permeable brick paving○●◎◎○●◎◎√-LowLow80-90-
Permeable cement concrete○○◎◎○◎◎◎√-HighMedium80-90-
Permeable asphalt concrete○○◎◎○◎◎◎√-HighMedium80-90-
Green roof○○◎◎○●◎◎√-HighMedium70-80Good
Sunken green space○●◎◎○●◎◎√-LowLow-Fair
Simple biological retention facility○●◎◎○●◎◎√-LowLow-Good
Complex biological retention facility○●◎●○●◎●√-MediumLow70-95Good
Permeation pond○●◎◎○●◎◎-√MediumMedium70-80Fair
Seepage well○●◎◎○●◎◎√√LowLow--
Wet pond●○●◎○●●◎-√HighMedium50-80Good
Rain wetland●○●●○●●●√√HighMedium50-80Good
Reservoir●○◎◎○●◎◎-√HighMedium80-90-
Rainwater tank●○◎◎○●◎◎√-LowLow80-90-
Regulating pond○○●◎○●●◎-√HighMedium-Fair
Regulation pool○○●○○●●○-√HighMedium--
Transmission type grassed swales◎○○◎●○○◎√-LowLow35-90Fair
Dry grassed swales○●○◎●○○◎√-LowLow35-90Good
Wet grassed swales○○○●●◎○●√-MediumLow-Good
Seepage pipe/drain○◎○○●●○◎√-MediumMedium35-70-
Vegetation buffer zone○○○●-○○●√-LowLow50-75Fair
Initial rainwater discarding facility◎○○●-○○●√-LowMedium40-60-
Artificial soil infiltration●○○●-○○◎-√HighMedium75-95Good
Note. ●-Strong ◎-Relatively strong ○-Weak or very small; The 2SS removal rate data come from the research data of the Center for Watershed Protection (CWP) of the United States.