| | Type | Design form | Design element |
| | Horizontal plane | Ground | Wooden platform, bridge, water surface, road, pavement, etc. | | Ground | Pavilion, shed, corridor, eaves, tree crown, parasol, etc. |
| | Vertical plane | Independent wall | The wall has openings, or can be turned into doors through overall transformation; tile wall, gabion wall, tree array, etc. | | L-shaped wall | | Parallel walls | | U-shaped wall | | Enclosed walls |
| | Mass | ā | The whole building is newly constructed or demolished; morphological changes | | Material | Wall | Loam, colored drawing, glass, wooden board, red brick, gray brick, white plaster, bluestone, etc. | | Ground | Soil, asphalt concrete; permeable brick, planted vegetation; wooden board; water surfaces like lake, pond, and river; stones like granite and pebble. | | Roof | Thatch, wooden board, red tile, brown tile, gray tile, etc. |
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