[Retracted] Spatial Pattern Evolution and Influencing Factors on Industrial Agglomeration: Evidence from Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration

Table 7

Decomposition of long-term influencing factors of industrial agglomeration in Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration.

	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)
	Manufacturing	Producer services	Consumer services	Foreign-invested industries
Long-term direct impact
Economic scale	1.975	0.886	−1.490	0.847
	(0.19)	(0.40)	(−0.03)	(0.03)
Transport facilities	−0.478	0.0304	−1.900	−1.999
	(−0.03)	(0.01)	(−0.02)	(−0.07)
Government intervention	−0.438	0.923	−0.224	−2.863
	(−0.01)	(0.15)	(−0.00)	(−0.05)
Opening up	0.178	−0.359	1.676	0.416
	(0.04)	(−0.41)	(0.04)	(0.06)
Regional innovation	0.133	−0.698	−0.0239	0.405
	(0.10)	(−0.04)	(−0.03)	(0.05)
Urban environment	0.430	0.714	−2.538	−2.111
	(0.01)	(0.35)	(−0.03)	(−0.07)
Long-term indirect impact
Economic scale	−0.798	0.114	3.264	−0.951
	(−0.08)	(0.05)	(0.08)	(−0.04)
Transport facilities	0.980	1.012	4.855	0.697
	(0.06)	(0.18)	(0.06)	(0.02)
Government intervention	1.847	1.217	3.171	3.905
	(0.05)	(0.19)	(0.06)	(0.06)
Opening up	0.141	0.117	−2.100	1.243
	(0.03)	(0.13)	(−0.06)	(0.17)
Regional innovation	−0.0290	0.894	−0.106	−0.0889
	(−0.02)	(0.05)	(−0.15)	(−0.01)
Urban environment	1.504	0.227	5.912	2.998
	(0.05)	(0.11)	(0.06)	(0.10)
Total long-term impact
Economic scale	1.177	1.000	1.774	−0.104
	(3.20)	(1.32)	(1.31)	(−0.03)
Transport facilities	0.502	1.042	2.955	−1.302
	(3.26)	(1.85)	(1.36)	(−0.57)
Government intervention	1.408	2.140	2.947	1.042
	(5.25)	(2.02)	(1.37)	(0.19)
Opening up	0.320	−0.242	−0.424	1.660
	(3.64)	(−1.37)	(−1.12)	(0.44)
Regional innovation	0.104	0.195	−0.130	0.316
	(1.20)	(0.87)	(−0.67)	(0.32)
Urban environment	1.934	0.941	3.374	0.887
	(5.08)	(1.53)	(1.41)	(0.23)

^∗, ^∗∗, and ^∗∗∗indicate significance at 10%, 5% and 1% levels, respectively. The values in parentheses are t-statistics.