River Pollution by Heavy Metals and Associated Impacts on the Adjacent Community, the Case of Holeta and Golli Rivers, Holeta Town, Ethiopia

Table 7

Socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents engaged in this study.

Socio-demographic characteristic	Category	Flower farms employers		The surrounding community		Total
		N	Percentage (%)	N	Percentage (%)	N	Percentage (%)
Sex	Female	84	63.6	67	42.1	151	51.9
	Male	48	36.4	92	57.9	140	48.1
Age group	<20	2	1.5	4	2.5	6	2.1
	20-30	85	64.4	85	53.5	170	58.4
	31–40	29	22.0	31	19.4	60	20.6
	41–50	10	7.6	18	11.3	28	9.6
	>50	6	4.5	21	13.2	27	9.3
Educational level	Illiterate	30	22.7	8	5.0	38	13.1
	Adult education	22	16.7	11	6.9	33	11.3
	Primary school	28	21.2	18	11.3	46	15.8
	Junior school	18	13.6	22	13.8	40	13.7
	Secondary school	17	12.9	38	23.9	55	18.9
	Preparatory school	6	4.5	19	11.9	25	8.6
	Diploma	9	6.8	31	19.5	40	13.7
	Degree and above	2	1.5	12	7.5	14	4.8
Marital status	Single	41	31.1	62	39.0	103	35.4
	Married	80	60.6	95	59.7	175	60.2
	Divorced	8	6.1	0	0.0	8	2.7
	Widowed	3	2.3	2	1.3	5	1.7
Number of children	No children	59	44.7	68	42.8	127	43.6
	1-3	46	34.8	48	30.2	94	32.0
	4-6	8	6.1	2	1.3	10	3.4
	> 6	19	14.4	41	25.8	60	20.6
Occupation	Private	132	100.0	134	84.3	266	91.4
	Farmer	0	0.0	68	42.8	68	23.4
	Trade	0	0.0	30	18.9	30	10.3
	Governmental	0	0.0	25	15.7	25	8.6
Mean of livelihood	Private works	132	100.0	38	23.9	170	58.4
	Governmental workers	0	0.0	23	14.5	23	7.9
Type of employment	Permanent	125	94.7	0	0.0	125	94.7
	Part time	1	0.8	0	0.0	1	0.8
	Occasional	6	4.5	0	0.0	6	4.5
Service years	1 year	21	15.9	0	0.0	21	15.9
	2 years	26	19.69	0	0.0	26	19.7
	3 years	27	20.45	0	0.0	27	20.5
	> 4 years	58	43.9	0	0	58	43.9