HPV Vaccination Prevalence among Lebanese Female University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 5

Associations between HPV vaccine uptake and sociodemographic, medical history and habits.

Variable			Results		value
			Vaccinated	Non-vaccinated
Sociodemographic characteristics
Age			23.48	22.5	0.016t
Major		Medical specialty	51 (23.3)	168 (76.7)	0.023c
		Non-medical specialty	35 (14.9)	200 (85.1)
University		Public	10 (5.6)	169 (94.4)	0.00c
		Private	76 (27.6)	199 (72.4)
Nationality		Lebanese	84 (19.4)	348 (80.6)	0.227c
		Other^1	2 (9.1)	20 (90.9)
Family status		Married	46 (16.5)	232 (83.5)	0.242c
		Single/divorced	32 (23.4)	105 (76.6)
		In a relationship/engaged	8 (20.5)	31 (79.5)
Residence		Beirut	17 (17.9)	78 (82.1)	0.298c
		Mount-Lebanon	58 (20.9)	219 (79.1)
		Other^2	11 (13.4)	71 (86.6)
Religion		Christian	64 (22.3)	223 (77.7)	0.033c
		Muslim/druze	18 (12.1)	131 (87.9)
		Non-religious	4 (22.2)	14 (77.8)
Maternal educational level		Less than university degree	26 (12.8)	177 (87.2)	0.002c
		University degree or higher	60 (23.9)	191 (76.1)
Paternal educational level		Less than university degree	30 (11.3)	236 (88.7)	0.000c
		University degree or higher	56 (29.8)	132 (70.2)
Individual monthly income		Less than 5.000.000LBP	67 (17)	328 (83)	0.043c
		More than 5.000.000LBP	19 (32.2)	40 (67.8)
Medical history
Cancer history	No		86 (19.2)	362 (80.8)	0.233c
	Yes^3		0	6 (100)
Family history of cancer related to HPV^4	Yes		2 (28.6)	5 (71.4)	0.512c
	No history		84 (18.8)	363 (81.2)
History of STD	At least once		4 (15.4)	22 (84.6)	0.633c
	Never		82 (19.2)	346 (80.8)
Habits
Alcohol drinking	No		19 (11.4)	148 (88.6)	0.005c
	Frequently		23 (26.1)	65 (73.9)
	Occasionally		44 (22.1)	155 (77.9)
Smoking	Yes		13 (13.5)	83 (86.5)	0.128c
	No		73 (20.4)	285 (79.6)

c: Chi-square test; t: student’s T-test; : variables with significant difference; LBP: Lebanese pounds; STD: sexually transmitted diseases. ¹: Syrian, Palestinian, Iraqi, Filipino, Brazilian. ²: Aakar, North, Baalbeck-Hermel, Beqaa, South, Nabatiyeh. ³: breast cancer, CML, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma (x2), kidney cancer. ⁴: cervical cancer, penile cancer, anal cancer, oropharyngeal cancer.