Exploring the Potential of Treating Sarcopenia through Dietary Interventions

Table 2

Frailty, sarcopenia, and malnutrition characteristics.

Category	Frailty	Sarcopenia	Malnutrition	References
Etiology	Environmental and individual variations’ Challenges interact to cause behavioural adaptation	Inactivity Undernourished Inflammation-related; Marked inflammation cachexia	Starvation-related inflammation Related to marked inflammation Severe malnutrition Suboptimal protein intake	[31]
Common comorbidities	Limitations in one’s mental health; Malnutrition and undernutrition	Inflammatory-related medical diagnoses aggravate the situation; Frailty	Inflammatory-related medical diagnoses aggravate the situation; Cognitive skills deterioration	[43]
Physical characteristics	Weakness; Decreased walking speed; Decreased; Exhaustion home stenosis	Weight unchanged or loss; Muscle wasting fatigue	Unplanned weight loss; Impaired senses of taste and smell	[1]
Associated functional decline and disabilities	Muscle deterioration; Mobility impairment unsteady gait utilization of assistive devices	Reduced muscle strength; Impaired mobility greater dependency	Reduced muscle strength; Food preparation disability; Impaired chewing and swallowing	[34]
Physiologic and metabolic changes	Maladaptation’s to aging; Deficiencies in specific vitamins and minerals; Immune deficiency	Reduced anabolic stimulation; Increased insulin-resistance anorexia deficiencies in specific vitamins and minerals	Changes in digestive processes; Impaired micronutrient utilization; Anorexia	[8]