Immune-Enhancing Activity of Vitis coignetiae Extract via Increasing Cytokine and Natural Killer Cell Activity in Splenocytes and Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppressed Rats

Figure 4

Anti-inflammatory-related protein expression and signal pathways in Wistar rat splenocytes. Splenocytes were treated with Vitis coignetiae extract (VCE) (30, 100, and 300 μg/mL) and cyclophosphamide (Cy) (0.8 mg/mL) for 24 h. (a) Representative image of anti-inflammatory-related protein expression and signal pathways (inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and NFκB). (b) Expression levels of iNOS, (c-e) phosphorylation of MAPKs, and (f) NFκB in total cell lysate, determined using western blot analysis. Bars labeled with different superscripts have significantly different values ().

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