OMEGA-3 Fatty Acids Retention, Oxidative Quality, and Sensoric Acceptability of Spray-Dried Flaxseed Oil

Table 3

Impact of spray-drying conditions on free fatty acids in flaxseed oil dried powder at different days and storage intervals.

Spray-dryer process run	Independent variables				Free fatty acids (%)
	Inlet air temperature (°C)	Feed flow rate (mL/hr)	Atomization speed (rpm)	Outlet temperature (°C)	0 days	Storage at temperature 4°C		Storage at temperature 25°C
						30 days	60 days	30 days	60 days
1	140 (0)	300 (+1)	16000 (0)	60 (‒1)	0.29 ± 0.05^d	0.35 ± 0.06^cd	0.45 ± 0.07^bc	0.46 ± 0.07^bc	0.71 ± 0.08^ab
2	140 (0)	250 (0)	12000 (‒1)	60 (‒1)	0.28 ± 0.04^d	0.34 ± 0.05^cd	0.44 ± 0.06^bc	0.45 ± 0.06^bc	0.70 ± 0.07^ab
3	140 (0)	200 (‒1)	16000 (0)	80 (+1)	0.29 ± 0.05^d	0.35 ± 0.06^cd	0.45 ± 0.06^bc	0.46 ± 0.07^bc	0.71 ± 0.08^ab
4	120 (‒1)	200 (‒1)	16000 (0)	70 (0)	0.27 ± 0.02^d	0.33 ± 0.03^cd	0.43 ± 0.04^bc	0.44 ± 0.05^bc	0.69 ± 0.06^ab
5	160 (+1)	300 (+1)	16000 (0)	70 (0)	0.31 ± 0.06^cd	0.37 ± 0.07^c	0.47 ± 0.07^bc	0.48 ± 0.08^b	0.73 ± 0.09^a
6 (C1)	140 (0)	250 (0)	16000 (0)	70 (0)	0.28 ± 0.04^d	0.35 ± 0.05^cd	0.45 ± 0.06^bc	0.46 ± 0.06^bc	0.71 ± 0.07^ab
7	120 (‒1)	250 (0)	16000 (0)	80 (+1)	0.29 ± 0.04^d	0.36 ± 0.05^c	0.46 ± 0.05^bc	0.47 ± 0.06^bc	0.72 ± 0.08^a
8 (C2)	140 (0)	250 (0)	16000 (0)	70 (0)	0.28 ± 0.05^d	0.35 ± 0.06^cd	0.45 ± 0.07^bc	0.46 ± 0.07^bc	0.71 ± 0.08^ab
9	140 (0)	200 (‒1)	16000 (0)	60 (‒1)	0.28 ± 0.04^d	0.34 ± 0.05^cd	0.44 ± 0.05^bc	0.46 ± 0.06^bc	0.72 ± 0.07^a
10	160 (+1)	250 (0)	16000 (0)	60 (‒1)	0.30 ± 0.06^d	0.37 ± 0.07^c	0.47 ± 0.07^bc	0.48 ± 0.08^b	0.74 ± 0.09^a
11	160 (+1)	250 (0)	12000 (‒1)	70 (0)	0.31 ± 0.06^cd	0.38 ± 0.07^c	0.48 ± 0.08^b	0.50 ± 0.08^b	0.75 ± 0.09^a
12	120 (‒1)	250 (0)	12000 (‒1)	70 (0)	0.27 ± 0.02^d	0.33 ± 0.03^cd	0.43 ± 0.04^bc	0.44 ± 0.04^bc	0.69 ± 0.05^ab
13	140 (0)	200 (‒1)	20000 (‒1)	70 (0)	0.28 ± 0.03^d	0.34 ± 0.04^cd	0.44 ± 0.05^bc	0.45 ± 0.05^bc	0.70 ± 0.06^ab
14	120 (‒1)	250 (0)	16000 (0)	60 (‒1)	0.26 ± 0.01^d	0.32 ± 0.03^cd	0.42 ± 0.04^bc	0.43 ± 0.05^bc	0.68 ± 0.06^ab
15 (C3)	140 (0)	250 (0)	16000 (0)	70 (0)	0.28 ± 0.04^d	0.35 ± 0.06^cd	0.45 ± 0.06^bc	0.46 ± 0.07^bc	0.72 ± 0.08^a
16	120 (‒1)	300 (+1)	16000 (0)	70 (0)	0.27 ± 0.02^d	0.33 ± 0.03^cd	0.43 ± 0.04^bc	0.44 ± 0.05^bc	0.69 ± 0.06^ab
17	140 (0)	250 (0)	12000 (‒1)	80 (+1)	0.29 ± 0.05^d	0.36 ± 0.06^c	0.46 ± 0.07^bc	0.47 ± 0.08^bc	0.72 ± 0.09^a
18 (C4)	140 (0)	250 (0)	16000 (0)	70 (0)	0.28 ± 0.04^d	0.35 ± 0.04^cd	0.45 ± 0.05^bc	0.46 ± 0.06^bc	0.71 ± 0.07^ab
19	140 (0)	300 (+1)	16000 (0)	80 (+1)	0.29 ± 0.05^d	0.36 ± 0.06^c	0.46 ± 0.06^bc	0.47 ± 0.07^bc	0.72 ± 0.07^a
20	160 (+1)	250 (0)	16000 (0)	80 (+1)	0.31 ± 0.07^cd	0.38 ± 0.07^c	0.48 ± 0.08^b	0.49 ± 0.08^b	0.75 ± 0.09^a
21	140 (0)	300 (+1)	12000 (‒1)	70 (0)	0.28 ± 0.05^d	0.35 ± 0.05^cd	0.45 ± 0.06^bc	0.46 ± 0.06^bc	0.72 ± 0.07^a
22	120 (‒1)	250 (0)	20000 (+1)	70 (0)	0.27 ± 0.02^d	0.34 ± 0.03^cd	0.44 ± 0.03^bc	0.45 ± 0.04^bc	0.70 ± 0.05^ab
23	140 (0)	250 (0)	20000 (+1)	80 (+1)	0.29 ± 0.05^d	0.36 ± 0.06^c	0.46 ± 0.06^bc	0.47 ± 0.07^bc	0.72 ± 0.07^a
24	140 (0)	300 (+1)	20000 (+1)	70 (0)	0.27 ± 0.03^d	0.34 ± 0.03^cd	0.45 ± 0.04^bc	0.46 ± 0.04^bc	0.72 ± 0.05^a
25	140 (0)	250 (0)	20000 (+1)	60 (‒1)	0.27 ± 0.02^d	0.33 ± 0.03^cd	0.44 ± 0.04^bc	0.45 ± 0.04^bc	0.71 ± 0.05^ab
26	160 (+1)	250 (0)	20000 (+1)	70 (0)	0.31 ± 0.06^cd	0.38 ± 0.07^c	0.49 ± 0.07^b	0.51 ± 0.08^b	0.77 ± 0.09^a
27	160 (+1)	200 (‒1)	16000 (0)	70 (0)	0.31 ± 0.06^cd	0.38 ± 0.06^c	0.48 ± 0.07^b	0.49 ± 0.07^b	0.75 ± 0.08^a
28	140 (0)	200 (‒1)	12000 (‒1)	70 (0)	0.29 ± 0.05^d	0.36 ± 0.06^c	0.45 ± 0.06^bc	0.45 ± 0.07^bc	0.70 ± 0.07^ab
29 (C5)	140 (0)	250 (0)	16000 (0)	70 (0)	0.28 ± 0.04^d	0.35 ± 0.05^cd	0.45 ± 0.06^bc	0.46 ± 0.06^bc	0.72 ± 0.07^a
30 (C6)	140 (0)	250 (0)	16000 (0)	70 (0)	0.28 ± 0.05^d	0.35 ± 0.06^cd	0.45 ± 0.07^bc	0.46 ± 0.07^bc	0.72 ± 0.08^a

^{C1,C2,C3,C4,C5,C6}Spray-drying process at center points. Experimental model = Box–Behnken design. Total number of spray-drying treatments = 30. Number of replicates = 03. ^a-dValues with similar letters show homogenous groups within the row and column ().