Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Listeria monocytogenes in Dairy Products with Reduction Trials Using Rosmarinic Acid, Ascorbic Acid, Clove, and Thyme Essential Oils

Table 3

Antimicrobial resistance profiling of L. monocytogenes isolated from milk and soft cheeses (n = 15).

No.	ID of the isolates	Sources	Antimicrobial resistance profile	MAR index	Virulent gene (hylA)
1	9	Raw milk	S, E, T, NA, STX, CN, AK, CF, C, K, N, AM	0.857	+
2	18	Raw milk	S, E, NA, STX, CN, AK, CF, K, N	0.643	+
3	24	Raw milk	S, E, T, NA, STX, CN, AK, K, N	0.643	+
4	31	Raw milk	S, E, NA, STX, CF, G, CP	0.500	+
5	41	Raw milk	S, E, T, CN, AK, CF, C	0.500	+
6	57	Raw milk	S, E, T, NA, STX, CN, AK	0.500	+
7	62	Damietta cheese	S, E, T, NA, STX, CF, C	0.500	+
8	69	Damietta cheese	S, E, T, NA, STX, CN, AK, CF, C, K, N	0.786	+
9	78	Damietta cheese	S, E, T, CN, AK, CF, C, G	0.571	+
10	79	Damietta cheese	S, E, T, NA, STX, CN, AK, CF, C, K, N	0.786	+
11	84	Damietta cheese	S, E,T, NA, STX, CN, AK, CF	0.571	+
12	88	Damietta cheese	S, E,T, NA, STX, CN, AK, C	0.571	+
13	96	Damietta cheese	S, E,T, CN, AK, AM	0.428	−
14	112	Damietta cheese	S, E,T, NA, STX	0.357	+
15	136	Damietta cheese	S, E,T, N	0.285	−

S: Streptomycin; E: erythromycin; NA: nalidixic acid; T: oxytetracycline; SXT: sulfamethoxazole; CN: cephalothin; AK: amikacin; CF: cefotaxim; C: chloramphenicol; K: kanamycin; N: neomycin; G: gentamicin; AM: ampicillin; CP: ciprofloxacin.