Study of the Variability of the Chemical Profile, and Biological Activity Approaches of Hedychium coronarium J. Koenig Essential Oil from Different Habitats of Uttarakhand, India

Table 2

Comparative chemical composition (in percent values) of H. coronarium essential oils from different locations.

S. no.	Compound	RI^lit. value	RI^cal. value	HCPNO (231 m)	HCBO (998 m)	HCNO (1046 m)	HCPO (1505 m)
1	2-Methyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene (H)	770	—	—	—	0.69 ± 0.05	—
2	2,3-Dimethyl-pyrazine	920	927	—	—	1.20 ± 0.01	—
3	α-Pinene (MH)	939	939	6.88 ± 0.14	5.66 ± 0.04	4.90 ± 0.01	8.77 ± 0.05
4	α-Fenchene (MH)	952	952	2.20 ± 0.01	—	—	—
5	Camphene (MH)	954	952	—	2.22 ± 0.01	—	—
6	Thuja-2,4(10)-diene (MH)	960	957	2.10 ± 0.01	—	—	—
7	3-Octen-5-yne (MH)	965	971	—	3.18 ± 0.04	—	—
8	δ-2 Carene (MH)	1013	1011	1.75 ± 0.01	—	1.04 ± 0.01	—
9	p-Cymene (MH)	1024	1023	—	—	1.54 ± 0.01	—
10	1,8-Cineole(OM)	1031	1032	18.27 ± 0.01	12.21 ± 0.14	16.20 ± 0.03	18.24 ± 0.03
11	Linalool(OM)	1096	1098	2.38 ± 0.01	1.96 ± 0.01	5.69 ± 0.01	4.62 ± 0.05
12	endo-fenchol (OM)	1116	1113	—	—	—	3.48 ± 0.01
13	trans-mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol (OM)	1137	1137	—	—	1.96 ± 0.02	—
14	cis-limonene oxide (OM)	1136	1138	—	—	5.70 ± 0.03	—
15	3-Methyl-2-isobutyl-pyrazine	1137	1134	—	—	—	1.98 ± 0.02
16	Isopulegol (OM)	1149	1146	—	8.21 ± 0.02	—	7.20 ± 0.05
17	Isoborneol (OM)	1160	1156	2.03 ± 0.01	—	—	—
18	2,6-Dimethyl aniline	1167	1167	—	—	1.88 ± 0.01	—
19	Terpinen-4-ol (OM)	1177	1177	4.36 ± 0.01	4.11 ± 0.01	2.20 ± 0.02	4.67 ± 0.14
20	α-Terpineol (OM)	1188	1189	10.13 ± 0.03	7.51 ± 0.01	8.61 ± 0.01	5.32 ± 0.05
21	Myrtenal (OM)	1195	1193	4.29 ± 0.02	—	—	—
22	Isobornyl acetate (OM)	1285	1290	—	2.73 ± 0.02	—	—
23	Bornyl acetate (OM)	1286	1285	—	0.71 ± 0.01	—	—
24	3,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3 cyclopentadiene carboxylic acid (OM)	1288	1293	2.61 ± 0.05	—	—	—
25	α-Terpinyl acetate (OM)	1349	1349	9.15 ± 0.02	4.08 ± 0.01	—	—
26	(Z)-Caryophyllene (SH)	1418	1418	5.23 ± 0.01	7.17 ± 0.02	4.67 ± 0.01	4.67 ± 0.03
27	α-Patchoulene (SH)	1456	1450	—	—	8.54 ± 0.01	8.54 ± 0.02
28	α-Muurolene (SH)	1500	1499	—	—	2.04	2.04 ± 0.04
29	Caryophyllene oxide (OS)	1583	1581	—	6.21 ± 0.03	—	—
30	cis-dihydromayurone (OM)	1595	1597	—	7.07 ± 0.03	—	—
31	Longiborneol (OS)	1599		4.17 ± 0.05	—	—	—
32	Rosifoliol (OS)	1600	1599	—	—	11.50 ± 0.04	11.50 ± 0.03
33	β-Atlantol(OS)	1608	1608	—	1.27 ± 0.04	1.42 ± 0.01	1.42 ± 0.02
34	5-Ethyl-2-methyl-pyridin-4-amine	1608	—	2.68 ± 0.03	—	—	—
35	Caryophylla-4(12),8(13)-dien-5à-ol (OS)	1640	1639	—	5.17 ± 0.01	—	—
36	Coronarin E (OD)	2166	2166	14.00 ± 0.04	11.01 ± 0.05	13.20 ± 0.04	13.20 ± 0.05
Class composition
Hydrocarbons (H)				—	—	0.69	—
Monoterpene hydrocarbons (MH)				12.93	11.06	7.48	8.77
Oxygenated monoterpenes (OM)				53.22	48.59	40.36	52.38
Sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons (SH)				5.23	7.17	15.25	16.97
Oxygenated sesquiterpenes (OS)				4.17	12.65	12.92	7.53
Oxygenated diterpenes (OD)				14.00	11.01	13.20	10.20
Others				2.68	—	3.08	1.98
Total (%)				92.23	90.48	92.98	97.83

RI^lit = Literature retention indices value in reference (Adams) [25], RI^cal = retention index on the PE-5MS column, calculated using homologous series of C₇–C₂₀ alkanes. HCPNO = H. coronarium essential oil from Pantnagar, HCBO = H. coronarium essential oil from Chandika, Bageshwar, HCNO = H. coronarium essential oil from Dogaon, Nainital, HCPO = H. coronarium essential oil from MES colony, Pithoragarh.