Pesticide Residues and Associated Public Health Risks in Vegetables from Irrigated Farms Adjacent to Rift Valley Lake Ziway, Ethiopia

Table 5

Pesticide residue concentration (µg/kg) in tomato samples collected from irrigated farmlands in the vicinity of Lake Ziway.

Site		α-BHC	β-BHC	H-epoxy	H-chlor	α-Endo	Aldrin	HCB	Bro-E	Chlor	Diazin	Ethion	Famphur	Fenitrothion	Fenthion
S1 (Abunea-Germama)	R1	1.75	BDL	7.32	14.02	BDL	BDL	1.01	1.98	1.66	BDL	BDL	2.60	2.86	2.71
	R2	5.04	42.06	BDL	12.99	518.49	BDL	1.70	0.38	0.69	BDL	0.65	BDL	0.16	1.70
	R3	3.75	32.87	3.41	18.22	630.52	BDL	BDL	0.80	1.12	BDL	1.14	1.26	0.74	1.95
S2 (Wellibulla)	R1	2.24	BDL	BDL	BDL	189.04	0.39	BDL	3.29	2.60	1.19	BDL	2.90	2.39	2.70
	R2	3.91	23.71	BDL	BDL	402.77	1.20	BDL	1.05	0.34	0.07	BDL	0.79	0.06	1.33
	R3	2.90	7.79	BDL	BDL	200.34	BDL	BDL	0.96	1.12	0.05	BDL	1.47	0.69	1.93
S3 Girrissa	R1	2.13	20.81	BDL	7.27	258.49	5.87	BDL	0.14	0.51	0.48	BDL	0.65	0.18	1.43
	R2	3.91	33.84	0.12	BDL	626.12	4.87	BDL	0.06	0.20	BDL	0.21	1.01	0.04	1.44
	R3	5.24	6.26	4.12	6.86	153.99	BDL	BDL	1.66	1.04	0.44	1.12	1.65	1.69	2.14
EU-MRL		10	10	10	10	50	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10
Total detected		9	8	5	5	9	5	2	9	9	5	4	8	9	9
% (+ve) sample		100	88.9	55.6	55.6	100.0	55.6	22.2	100	100	55.6	44.4	88.9	100	100
Sample > EU-MRL		0	5	0	3	8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
% (>EU-MRL)		0	55.6	0.0	33.3	88.9	0.0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Site		Malathion		Parathion		Profenofos		Thionazin		Propargite		Propoxur		Dichlobenil
S1 (Abenea-Girmama)	R1	14.156		3.62		BDL		0.02		BDL		8.75		0.02
	R2	BDL		1.52		0.53		0.46		BDL		30.88		1.34
	R3	7.6837		1.16		0.58		BDL		BDL		14.18		1.24
S2 (Wellibulla)	R1	BDL		0.51		1.71		BDL		50.15		16.60		BDL
	R2	BDL		0.56		1.42		BDL		BDL		36.05		BDL
	R3	BDL		0.45		0.37		BDL		55.35		17.79		BDL
S3 (Girrissa)	R1	47.75		1.16		0.77		BDL		10.02		16.53		1.26
	R2	15.16		0.72		1.64		BDL		BDL		38.46		0.51
	R3	BDL		1.66		ND		BDL		13.01		23.43		2.36
EU-MRL		20		50		10000		10		10		50		10
Total detected		4		9		7		2		4		9		6
Sample > EU-MRL		1		0		0		0		4		0		0
% (+ve) sample		44.44		100		77.78		22.22		44.44		100.00		66.67
% (>EU-MRL)		11.11		0		0.00		0.00		44.44		0.00		0.00