Listeria Contamination in Milk-Processing Chain and Proficiency in Listeria monocytogenes Decontamination of Small-Scale Milk Retailers

Table 1

Milk temperature during process and processing time for each treatment.

Measures	Temperature (°C)	Processing time (min)
Double boiling until bubbles formed	78	19
Double boiling until a film layer formed	83	24
Double boiling for 2 min (in 100°C water)	75	2
Direct heating until bubbles formed	88	14
Direct heating until a film layer formed	90	35

Each treatment operated in 1 liters of milk.