Evaluation of Growth and Development of Late Mixed Dentition Upper Dental Arch with Normal Occlusion Using 3-Dimensional Digital Models

Table 1

Landmarks and measurements of dental arch dimensions.

Landmark and acronym	Description
a	The midpoint between the proximal tip of the upper central incisors
b	Upper right primary or permanent canine cusp tip
c	Upper left primary or permanent canine cusp tip
d	Mesial anatomic contact point of the right upper first molar
e	Mesial anatomic contact point of the left upper first molar
f	Upper right first molar mesiobuccal cusp tip
g	Upper left first molar mesiobuccal cusp tip
l	Most convex point of the incisal papillae
m	Most lingual point on the gingival margin of the lingual surface of permanent upper first right molar
n	Most lingual point on the gingival margin of the lingual surface of permanent upper first left molar
o	Upper right first molar mesial lingual cusp tip
p	Upper right first molar distal lingual cusp tip
q	Most gingival point at the lingual groove of the maxillary first permanent molars
r	Upper first molar mesiobuccal cusp tip
s	Upper first molar mesiolingual cusp tip
UAAL	Upper anterior arch length
UTAL	Upper total arch length
UICW	Upper inter primary or permanent canine width
UIMW	Upper intermolar width
UDAL	Upper dental arch length
UAAH	Upper anterior arch height
UTAH	Upper total arch height
UR6BL	Buccolingual inclination of the upper right first molar
UL6BL	Buccolingual inclination of the upper left first molar
UR6MD	Mesiodistal inclination of the upper right first molar
UL6MD	Mesiodistal inclination of the upper left first molar