[Retracted] The Effect of Symptom Clusters and Sleep Disorder on Quality of Life among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Table 2

Prevalence and severity of 19 symptoms in participants (n = 223).

Symptoms^a	Occurrence	Severity^b
	n (%)	Median (interquartile range)
Shortness of breath	188 (91.71)	2.78 (1.75–3.37)
Dry mouth	105 (51.22)	1.54 (0.97–2.54)
Lack of energy	189 (92.2)	2.28 (1.55–2.91)
Cough	221 (99.1)	2.53 (1.93–3.14)
Feeling nervous	172 (83.9)	2.05 (1.33–2.61)
Feeling sad	155 (75.61)	1.62 (1.01–2.27)
Feeling irritable	162 (72.65)	1.44 (0.80–2.01)
Worrying	168 (79.02)	1.56 (1.03–2.42)
Feeling drowsy	164 (80)	1.13 (0.57–1.65)
Difficulty sleeping	210 (94.17)	2.98 (1.79–3.58)
Feeling bloated	112 (54.63)	0.55 (0.00–0.97)
Pain	57 (21.8)	0.23 (0.00–0.83)
Numbness or tingling in hands and/or feet	47 (22.93)	0.25 (0.00–0.99)
Difficulty concentrating	41 (20)	0.19 (0.00–0.56)
Sweats	25 (12.2)	0.12 (0.00–0.45)
Problems with sexual interest or activity	108 (52.68)	0.47 (0.00–0.78)
Swelling of arms and/or legs	55 (24.83)	0.38 (0.00–1.03)
I do not look like myself	169 (82.44)	1.24 (0.65–1.77)
Changes in skin	47 (22.93)	0.19 (0.00–0.61)

Notes. ^aSymptoms from the Recised Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale. ^bSeverity: 1, slight; 2, moderate; 3, severe; 4, very severe.