A Novel Virtual Reality Training Strategy for Poststroke Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Table 2

Pre and postintervention results for virtual reality and routine physical therapy treatment: RM-ANOVA statistics (N = 68).

Scale	Scale domain	Intervention timing	Training group		ANOVA statistics
			Virtual reality	Routine physical therapy	Time main effect		Time ∗ group interaction
			Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	F	value	F	value
Berg balance scale		Preintervention	18.38 ± 5.19	19.68 ± 5.23	492.8	<0.001	77.8	<0.001
		Postintervention	36.62 ± 7.76	26.94 ± 6.46
		Postintervention (6 weeks)	44.09 ± 9.37	30.97 ± 7.48
Fugl-Meyer scale-lower extremity	Motor function	Preintervention	12.68 ± 3.67	13.74 ± 5.51	46.19	<0.001	52.37	<0.001
		Postintervention	26.38 ± 3.63	19.68 ± 4.96
		Postintervention (6 weeks)	30.26 ± 3.12	22.76 ± 5.33
	Sensation	Preintervention	9.91 ± 1.38	9.74 ± 1.54	73.7	<0.001	1.62	0.202
		Postintervention	10.76 ± 1.21	11.03 ± 1.14
		Postintervention (6 weeks)	11.26 ± 1.02	11.30 ± 0.95
	Joint range	Preintervention	10.47 ± 2.03	10.44 ± 2.03	423.68	<0.001	29.4	<0.001
		Postintervention	17.50 ± 1.11	14.18 ± 2.14
		Postintervention (6 weeks)	19.03 ± 0.90	15.68 ± 2.22
	Joint pain	Preintervention	11.50 ± 1.94	10.50 ± 1.99	472.69	<0.001	43.8	<0.001
		Postintervention	17.68 ± 1.51	13.50 ± 2.18
		Postintervention (6 weeks)	18.97 ± 0.94	14.68 ± 1.90