Construction of a Diagnostic Model for Lymph Node Metastasis of the Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Using Preoperative Ultrasound Features and Imaging Omics
Table 2
Characteristics comparison for the training and testing sets.
Variables
Total (n = 973)
Training set (n = 681)
Testing set (n = 292)
Statistics
Gender, n (%)
Male
207 (21.27)
143 (21.00)
64 (21.92)
χ2 = 0.103
0.748
Female
766 (78.73)
538 (79.00)
228 (78.08)
Age, mean ± SD
44.74 ± 11.25
44.66 ± 11.05
44.91 ± 11.70
t = −0.32
0.752
BMI, mean ± SD
23.87 ± 3.39
23.90 ± 3.43
23.82 ± 3.29
t = 0.30
0.763
Carcinoembryonic antigen, M(Q1, Q3)
1.34 (0.86, 2.02)
1.34 (0.84, 2.02)
1.33 (0.89, 2.05)
Z = 0.067
0.947
The free triiodide, M(Q1, Q3)
5.10 (4.60, 5.50)
5.10 (4.60, 5.50)
5.00 (4.60, 5.50)
Z = −0.201
0.841
Free thyroxine, mean ± SD
18.61 ± 5.03
18.58 ± 4.80
18.67 ± 5.55
t = −0.24
0.812
T stimulating hormone, M(Q1, Q3)
1.91 (1.11, 3.19)
1.94 (1.15, 3.25)
1.78 (1.06, 2.99)
Z = −1.374
0.169
T globulin antibody, M(Q1, Q3)
20.92 (12.98, 78.98)
20.92 (13.04, 83.68)
19.11(12.27, 73.34)
Z = −0.982
0.326
Part, n (%)
Ru
105 (10.79)
73 (10.72)
32 (10.96)
χ2 = 6.065
0.416
Right middle school
266 (27.34)
199 (29.22)
67 (22.95)
Lower right
148 (15.21)
101 (14.83)
47 (16.10)
Left
73 (7.50)
47 (6.90)
26 (8.90)
Left middle school
237 (24.36)
167 (24.52)
70 (23.97)
The lower left
100 (10.28)
64 (9.40)
36 (12.33)
Isthmus
44 (4.52)
30 (4.41)
14 (4.79)
Max diameter of nodule, M(Q1, Q3)
0.80 (0.54, 1.20)
0.80(0.53, 1.20)
0.80(0.57, 1.31)
Z = 0.867
0.386
Form, n (%)
Rules
95 (9.76)
64 (9.40)
31 (10.62)
χ2 = 1.327
0.515
Under-rule
318 (32.68)
217 (31.86)
101 (34.59)
Irregular
560 (57.55)
400 (58.74)
160 (54.79)
Boundary, n (%)
Clear
170 (17.47)
113 (16.59)
57 (19.52)
χ2 = 1.226
0.542
Lack of clarity
368 (37.82)
261 (38.33)
107 (36.64)
Unclear or vague
435 (44.71)
307 (45.08)
128 (43.84)
Aspect ratio, n (%)
≤1
415 (42.65)
282 (41.41)
133 (45.55)
χ2 = 1.431
0.232
>1
558 (57.35)
399 (58.59)
159 (54.45)
Composition, n (%)
Cystic or almost totally cystic
1 (0.10)
1 (0.15)
0 (0.00)
Fisher
1.000
Capsule solidity
19 (1.95)
13 (1.91)
6 (2.05)
Real or almost all real
953 (97.94)
667 (97.94)
286 (97.95)
Echo, n (%)
Isoechoic or hyperechoic
5 (0.51)
3 (0.44)
2 (0.68)
Fisher
0.898
Low echo
926 (95.17)
649 (95.30)
277 (94.86)
Extremely low echo
21 (2.16)
14 (2.06)
7 (2.40)
Mixed echo
21 (2.16)
15 (2.20)
6 (2.05)
Calcification, n (%)
No calcification
362 (37.20)
262 (38.47)
100 (34.25)
Fisher
0.293
Coarse calcification
62 (6.37)
47 (6.90)
15 (5.14)
Eggshell calcification
6 (0.62)
5 (0.73)
1 (0.34)
Microcalcification
543 (55.81)
367 (53.89)
176 (60.27)
Relative coating position, n (%)
Stay away from
398 (40.90)
286 (42.00)
112 (38.36)
χ2 = 1.123
0.570
Cling
485 (49.85)
333 (48.90)
152 (52.05)
Breakthrough
90 (9.25)
62 (9.10)
28 (9.59)
TI_DS classification, n (%)
χ2 = 0.812
0.937
LNM transfer, n (%)
No
576 (59.20)
410 (60.21)
166 (56.85)
χ2 = 0.953
0.329
Yes
397 (40.80)
271 (39.79)
126 (43.15)
T: thyroid; TI_DS: ultrasonic thyroid imaging and data system; LNM: lymph node metastases.
