Review Article
HIV Vaccine: Recent Advances, Current Roadblocks, and Future Directions
Table 3
Examples of viral vectors and alternative HIV vaccine delivery systems.
| | Examples of vectors | Examples of vaccine |
| | Nonreplicating adenovirus vectors (Ad) | Mixture of 4 rAd5 vectors that express HIV-1 subtype B Gag-Pol fusion protein and envelope (Env) from subtypes A, B, and C |
| | Adeno-associated virus (AAV) | Adeno-associated virus based HIV-1 subtype C vaccine (tgAAC09) |
| | Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEE) Sindbis virus (SIN) | Recombinant trimeric HIVΔV2gp140Env protein |
| | Herpes virus (HSV) | Recombinant herpes simplex virus (HSV) envelope and Nef antigens of simian immunodeficiency virus |
| | Measles virus (MV) | Recombinant measles virus vaccines expressing HIV-1 clade B envelope glycoprotein |
| | Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) | Modified vaccinia virus Ankara-vectored HIV-1 clade A vaccine |
| | Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) | Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus- (rVSV-) based vectors expressing HIV-1 env 89.6P gp160 |
| | Canarypox (ALVAC) | HIV-1 canarypox vaccine (vCP1452) |
| | Semliki forest virus (SFV) | Self-amplifying rSFV2gen RNA encoding HIV-1C antigens |
| | DNA vectors | HIV-1 env/rev DNA vaccine |
| | mRNA vectors | MS2 VLP-mediated RNA vaccine |
| | Nanoformulations | Fullerenol: nanoformulation of virus sized nanoparticles with dual-function nanoadjuvants to simulate immune responses to the HIV DNA vaccine |
|
|
