Deoxycholic Acid-Mediated Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 2 Signaling Exacerbates DSS-Induced Colitis through Promoting Cathepsin B Release

Figure 1

DCA induces S1PR2 expression in macrophages. (a) J774A.1 macrophages were pretreated with or without LPS and then stimulated with different dosage of DCA (0, 50, 100, and 200 μM) for 4 h. Relative S1PR2 mRNA expression level was analyzed by real-time PCR. (b) J774A.1 macrophages were pretreated with or without LPS and then stimulated with DCA (100 μM) for different time courses. Relative S1PR2 mRNA expression level was analyzed by real-time PCR. (c) J774A.1 macrophages were pretreated with or without LPS and then stimulated with different dosage of DCA (0, 50, 100, and 200 μM) for 24 h. S1PR2 protein level was detected by Western blotting. (d) Real-time PCR determinant of relative S1PR2 mRNA expression in murine peritoneal macrophages treated with different dosage of DCA. , , and . Error bars indicate s.e.m. Representative data from 3 independent experiments giving similar results are shown.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)