Enhancement of Cytomegalovirus-Specific Cytokine Production after Modulation of the Costimulation in Kidney Transplant Patients

Table 1

Patient demographics.

Total (no.)	37
Sex (no.)
Male	22
Female	15
Median age (range) (yr)	56 (19-80)
CMV serostatus prior to TX (no.)
D-/R-	1
D-/R+	11
D+/R+	22
D+/R-	3
First/repeated transplantation (no.)	32/5
Deceased/living donor	27/10
Severe infection post TX^a	17
Acute rejection	15
Chronic rejection	15
Graft failure	6
Immunosuppressive regimen (no.)^b
CNI, MMF, and steroids	25
CNI, mTOR, and steroids	3
CNI and mTOR	2
CNI, AZA, and steroids	2
CNI and steroids	3
Other	2
Median interval TX-ELISpot (range) (months)	28 (1-520)
Median number of CMV reactivations^c (range)	0 (0-4)
With/without treatment with valcyte^b (no.)	4/33

AZA: azathioprine; CNI: calcineurin inhibitor; MMF: mycophenolate mofetil; mTOR: mammalian target of rapamycin; TX: transplantation. Of note, none of the kidney transplants was placed on the pump prior to transplantation. ^aSevere infections such as sepsis, pneumonia, or meningitis. ^bAt the time of the ELISpot assay. ^cEpisodes with viral copies/ml prior to the ELISpot assay.