Increased TNF-α Initiates Cytoplasmic Vacuolization in Whole Blood Coculture with Dengue Virus

Figure 1

DENV infection of whole blood (WB) cells 24 h postincubation. (a) Experimental flowchart of this study. Following DENV () infection in 100 μl of WB ex vivo for 24 h, five plasma samples were harvested to detect DENV infection. (b) The images (10x objectives) of plaque assay showed no viral replication. (c) An NS1 rapid test showed the expression of the NS1 dengue antigen in the plasma samples. Two positive controls were also performed for the plaque assay.

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