| | Training cohort () | Validation cohort () | value |
| | Gender (, %) | | 0.062 | | Male | 116 (49.15%) | 37 (62.71%) | | | Female | 120 (50.85%) | 22 (37.29%) | | | Age (years) | 61 (48,71) | 60 (47.69) | 0.550 | | History (, %) | | | | Hypertension | 70 (29.67%) | 15 (25.42%) | 0.520 | | DM | 36 (15.25%) | 8 (13.56%) | 0.744 | | Symptoms (, %) | | | | Fatigue | 104 (44.07%) | 27 (45.76%) | 0.815 | | Headache | 15 (6.36%) | 3 (5.08%) | 0.952 | | Cough | 152 (64.41%) | 42 (71.19%) | 0.326 | | Dyspnea | 67 (28.39%) | 19 (32.20%) | 0.564 | | Diarrhea | 27 (11.44%) | 6 (10.17%) | 0.774 | | Signs | | | | Temperature | 36.70 (36.50, 37.00) | 36.60 (36.40, 37.00) | 0.548 | | HR (bpm) | 86 (80, 98) | 88 (81, 98) | 0.336 | | RR (/min) | 20 (19, 24) | 20 (20, 25) | 0.552 | | Laboratory indices | | | | WBC counts (109/L) | 6.29 (4.46, 9.37) | 5.37 (3.96, 8.02) | 0.105 | | NEU counts (109/L) | 6.51 (3.56, 50.3) | 5.14 (3.12, 29.41) | 0.244 | | LYM counts (109/L) | 1.21 (0.72, 5.33) | 1.16 (0.72, 2.77) | 0.886 | | MON counts (109/L) | 0.53 (0.37, 2.33) | 0.53 (0.33, 1.15) | 0.764 | | NLR | 4.62 (2.32, 10.02) | 3.78 (1.79, 9.11) | 0.406 | | HGB (g/L) | 125.00 (115.00, 137.00) | 130.00 (119.00, 143.00) | 0.088 | | PLT (109/L) | 199.50 (141.80, 262.30) | 205.00 (156.00, 252.00) | 0.529 | | ALB (g/L) | 35.10 (32.00, 39.40) | 37.00 (32.30, 40.00) | 0.308 | | PNI | 36.19 (33.23, 39.78) | 37.00 (32.30, 40.00) | 0.916 | | ALT (U/L) | 26.50 (17.30, 43.00) | 27.00 (16.50, 41.50) | 0.689 | | AST (U/L) | 31.00 (22.00, 46.00) | 30.00 (21.00, 38.50) | 0.460 | | GLU (mmol/L) | 5.90 (5.02, 7.79) | 5.56 (4.77, 6.79) | 0.059 | | LDH (U/L) | 296.50 (211.00, 432.50) | 273.00 (220.00, 420.00) | 0.825 | | P/F ratio (mmHg) | 168.85 (100.42, 289.75) | 231.42 (131.11, 342.00) | 0.120 | | CURB65 | 1.0 (0, 1.0) | 1.0 (0, 1.0) | 0.931 | | APACHE II | 6.0 (3.0, 10.0) | 6.0 (3.0, 10.0) | 0.600 | | SOFA | 2.0 (1.0, 4.0) | 1.0 (0, 3.0) | 0.143 | | Death (, %) | 63 (26.69%) | 14 (23.73%) | 0.643 |
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Abbreviations: DM; diabetes mellitus; WBC: white blood cells; NEU: neutrophils; LYM: lymphocytes; MON: monocytes; NLR: neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio; HGB: hemoglobin; PLT: platelet; ALB: albumin; PNI: prognostic nutritional index; ALT: alanine transaminase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; LDH: lactic dehydrogenase; P/F ratio: PaO2/FiO2 ratio; CURB65: confusion, uremia, respiratory rate, blood pressure; APACHE II: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; SOFA: sequential organ failure assessment.
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