Journal of Immunology Research

Research Article

Predictors of Response to Oral Medications and Low-Histamine Diet in Patients with Chronic Urticaria

Table 3

Age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression analyses for the identification of predictor of treatment efficacy in patients with chronic urticaria.


Variable	Good response to sgAH	Corticosteroid responder	LTRA responder	H₂ blocker responder	Low-histamine diet responder

	aOR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)
Sex
Female	1	1	1	1	1
Male	0.80 (0.30–2.13)	5.28 (0.39–756.73)	11.59 (0.39–347.44)	1.74 (0.05–57.74)	1.58 (0.45–5.50)
Age (years)	0.99 (0.96–1.02)	0.94 (0.85–1.02)	1.03 (0.92–1.15)	1.15 (0.86–1.53)	1.01 (0.97–1.05)
	1.53 (0.59–3.99)	0.02 (0.01–0.92)	1.16 (0.07–20.28)	7.00 (0.23–1316.85)	1.58 (0.49–5.12)
Duration of	4.39 (1.14–16.99)	0.06 (0.00–0.96)	0.07 (0.00–1.99)	NC	0.33 (0.10–1.08)
Concomitant angioedema	1.84 (0.51–6.68)	0.34 (0.01–6.27)	3.47 (0.11–668.48)	0.05 (0.00–4.79)	10.56 (1.28–1374.71)
Predominant manifestation
Chronic spontaneous urticaria	1	1	1	1	1
Dermatographism	0.70 (0.21–2.28)	0.56 (0.03–8.87)	0.06 (0.00–1.17)	12.17 (0.72–1972.39)	0.23 (0.06–0.86)
Long-lasting wheals	0.32 (0.07–1.43)	0.34 (0.03–2.99)	40.05 (0.52–37458.92)	0.05 (0.00–4.79)	2.26 (0.25–20.42)
Specific food trigger	0.48 (0.18–1.27)	0.08 (0.00–1.27)	0.23 (0.01–10.29)	12.48 (0.67–1736.32)	2.39 (0.76–7.54)
Multiple food triggers	0.54 (0.20–1.48)	0.71 (0.08–5.77)	7.71 (0.61–1011.31)	6.11 (0.04–902.15)	11.69 (1.42–96.35)
Low-histamine diet responder	0.47 (0.15–1.53)	2.88 (0.27–45.11)	67.29 (2.07–64666.59)	0.18 (0.01–6.32)	NC
Diamine oxidase	0.96 (0.91–1.02)	1.03 (0.96–1.20)	0.50 (0.22–1.14)	0.86 (0.00–1.17)	0.97 (0.93–1.02)
<10 vs ≥ 10 U/mL	3.90 (1.07–14.25)	0.53 (0.04–5.13)	NC	2.47 (0.08–443.63)	0.75 (0.17–3.33)
<5.4 vs ≥ 5.4 U/mL	1.09 (0.43–2.76)	1.28 (0.15–13.67)	11.18 (0.30–414.46)	71.95 (1.55–89411.09)	3.78 (1.06–13.46)
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate	0.99 (0.94–1.05)	1.01 (0.93–1.10)	0.80 (0.51–1.28)	0.73 (0.62–1.39)	1.04 (0.96–1.12)
IgE	1.00 (1.00–1.00)	1.00 (1.00–1.01)	1.00 (1.00–1.01)	0.97 (0.93–1.02)	1.00 (1.00–1.00)
Eosinophil count	1.00 (1.00–1.00)	1.01 (0.99–1.36)	1.00 (0.98–1.01)	0.99 (0.96–1.00)	1.00 (1.00–1.00)
Hematocrit	1.01 (0.87–1.18)	0.38 (0.10–1.45)	0.71 (0.33–1.49)	1.58 (0.94–13.50)	1.14 (0.95–1.38)
< 36% vs ≥ 36%	1.15 (0.28–4.69)	3.93 (0.21–611.55)	NC	0.37 (0.00–11.39)	0.19 (0.04–0.80)
	1.02 (0.29–3.57)	0.03 (0.00–0.39)	7.16 (0.45–16564.22)	NC	1.51 (0.29–7.90)

Adjusted odds ratios with a value < 0.05 are shown in bold. ANA: antinuclear antibody; CI: confidence interval; LTRA: leukotriene receptor antagonist; NC: not calculable; NSAID: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; OR: odds ratio; sgAH: second-generation antihistamines.