IL-17: Balancing Protective Immunity and Pathogenesis

Table 1

IL-17 pathway in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.

Inflammatory/autoimmune diseases	Evidence of role for IL-17 pathway in different diseases	Refs.
Arthritis	IL-17A^+CD8^+ T cells were predominantly TCRαβ+ and their frequencies were increased in the synovial fluid of patients with established arthritis.; IL-17 in synovial fluids from patients with rheumatoid arthritis is a potent stimulator of osteoclastogenesis.	[33, 36]
Sjogren’s disease	A significant increase of IL-17 expressing cells in salivary glands involved in the onset and progression of Sjogren’s disease.	[34]
Inflammatory bowel disease	Pathogenic CXCR6^+ Th17 populations are induced in autoimmunity.	[30]
Periodontitis	IL-17 dominated an inflammatory network characteristic of periodontitis, and IL-10 dampens this excessive IL-17-mediated periodontitis trait.; Homeostatic IL-17-TRAF3IP2-neutrophil axis underpinning host defense against a keystone periodontal pathogen.	[39, 40]
Encephalomyelitis	IL-17-mediated positive feedback loop of IL-6 signaling through NF-κB and STAT3 contributes to enhanced autoimmune encephalomyelitis.	[47]
Virus associated inflammation	Bone marrow-derived IL-17A is required for the development of pneumonitis.; IL-17 signaling is critical for lung immunopathology associated with virus infection.	[42, 45, 46]