| | Characteristics | Overall (N = 260) | Healthy controls (86) | Progressive MS (96) | MS treated with fingolimod (78) | Effect size (Simultaneous P-value) | | N (%) | Mean (SD) | Median (p25, p75) | N (%) | Mean (SD) | Median (p25, p75) | N (%) | Mean (SD) | Median (p25, p75) | N (%) | Mean (SD) | Median (p25, p75) |
| | Gender—number of females (%) | 196 (75.4) | | | 75 (87.2) | | | 73 (76.0) | | | 48 (61.5) | | | 0.0007 | | Age | 260 (100.0) | 50.15 (11.25) | 49 (43, 58) | 86 (100.0) | 49.31 (9.71) | 48.00 (44.00, 55.00) | 96 (100.0) | 57.57 (8.95) | 58.50 (51.75, 64.25) | 78 (100.0) | 41.94 (9.20) | 43.00 (38.00, 47.00) | <0.0001 | | EDSS | 174 (66.9) | 5.06 (1.72) | 5.5 (4, 6.5) | NA | NA | NA | 96 (100.0) | 6.09 (1.01) | 6.50 (5.50, 6.50) | 78 (100.0) | 3.79 (1.56) | 4.00 (2.12, 5.00) | <0.0001 | | Disease duration | 174 (66.9) | 15.24 (7.2) | 14 (10.25, 20) | NA | NA | NA | 96 (100.0) | 18.30 (6.69) | 17.00 (12.00, 23.00) | 78 (100.0) | 11.47 (5.94) | 11.00 (6.00, 15.00) | <0.0001 | | Fingolimod treatment duration (in years) | 78 (30.0) | 4.68 (1.46) | 5 (3, 6) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 78 (100.0) | 4.68 (1.46) | 5.00 (3.00, 6.00) | NA | | QFM (results) | 260 (100.00) | 219.89 (226.65) | 168.55 (55.55, 313.4) | 86 (100.0) | 271.32 (244.34) | 228.00 (112.20, 358.67) | 96 (100.0) | 208.61 (223.65) | 144.80 (31.23, 302.00) | 78 (100.0) | 177.05 (200.50) | 130.50 (39.95, 217.07) | 0.0064 | | Previous treatment | NA | | DMF | 1 (0.4) | | | NA | | | 0 (0.0) | | | 1 (1.3) | | | | GA | 21 (8.1) | | | NA | | | 0 (0.0) | | | 21 (26.9) | | | | GA, IFN | 2 (0.8) | | | NA | | | 0 (0.0) | | | 2 (2.6) | | | | GA, teriflunomid | 1 (0.4) | | | NA | | | 0 (0.0) | | | 1 (1.3) | | | | IFN | 39 (15.0) | | | NA | | | 1 (1.0) | | | 38 (48.7) | | | | IFN, DMF | 2 (0.8) | | | NA | | | 0 (0.0) | | | 2 (2.6) | | | | IFN, GA | 3 (1.2) | | | NA | | | 0 (0.0) | | | 3 (3.8) | | | | Teriflunomid | 1 (0.4) | | | NA | | | 0 (0.0) | | | 1 (1.3) | | |
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Note: All characteristics are reported as a mean (standard deviation) and median (p25 = lower quartile, p75 = upper quartile) (median), except categorical variables gender and previous treatment, which are summarized by frequency and percentage. The standardized groups’ differences, i.e., effect size was assessed as P-value. P-value was computed for gender by performing χ2 test for independence in contingency table. The effect size (P-value) for previous treatment was not performed due to the lack of observations. The effect size for age and statistical significance for QuantiFERON test were assessed by parametric ANOVA. The positively skewed values of QuantiFERON were normalized by logarithm before statistical testing. The difference between MS patient groups in EDSS was assessed by P-value from parametric t-test. EDSS, Expanded Disability Status Scale.
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