Journal of Interventional Cardiology

Research Article

Incidence, Characteristics, and Management of Patients with Recurrent Myocardial Infarctions: Insights from the EYESHOT POST-MI

Table 1

Baseline clinical characteristics, hemodynamic, and laboratory variables of patients presenting with a history of 1, 2, or ≥3 MIs.


	Total population n = 1618	History of 1 MI n = 1335	History of 2 MIs n = 209	History of ≥3 MIs n = 74	p value

Age (years), mean ± SD	66 ± 12	65 ± 12	69 ± 11	70 ± 11	<0.0001
Females, n (%)	316 (19.5)	269 (20.2)	37 (17.7)	10 (13.5)	0.29
Type of last MI STEMI NSTEMI	821 (50.7) 797 (49.3)	718 (53.8) 617 (46.2)	74 (35.4) 135 (64.6)	29 (39.2) 45 (60.8)	<0.0001
Time from last MI 12–24 months 24–36 months	1018 (62.9) 600 (37.1)	843 (63.2) 492 (36.8)	126 (60.3) 83 (39.7)	49 (66.2) 25 (33.8)	0.61
BMI (kg/m²), mean ± SD	27.2 ± 4.1	27.2 ± 4.0	27.5 ± 4.3	27.7 ± 4.6	0.29
Active smokers, n (%)	307 (19.0)	254 (19.0)	36 (17.2)	17 (23.0)	0.55
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)	453 (28.0)	346 (25.9)	80 (38.3)	27 (36.5)	0.0003
Hypertensiona, n (%)	1270 (78.5)	1025 (76.8)	176 (84.2)	69 (93.2)	0.0004
Hypercholesterolemia, n (%)	1203 (74.4)	977 (73.2)	166 (79.4)	60 (81.1)	0.06
History of atrial fibrillation, n (%)	207 (12.8)	149 (11.2)	37 (17.7)	21 (28.4)	<0.0001
Chronic renal dysfunction, n (%)	198 (12.2)	132 (9.9)	48 (23.0)	18 (24.3)	<0.0001
Peripheral artery diseasec, n (%)	111 (6.9)	76 (5.7)	26 (12.4)	9 (12.2)	0.0003
COPD¸ n (%)	184 (11.4)	132 (9.9)	38 (18.2)	14 (18.9)	0.0002
Previous stroke/TIA, n (%)	68 (4.2)	43 (3.2)	17 (8.1)	8 (10.8)	<0.0001
History of major bleedings, n (%)	48 (3.0)	34 (2.6)	10 (4.8)	4 (5.4)	0.09
History of heart failure, n (%)	249 (15.4)	160 (12.0)	57 (27.3)	32 (43.2)	<0.0001
Prior PCI, n (%) >2 stent implanted, n (%) available for 1411 pts	1443 (89.2) 353 (25.3)	1185 (88.8) 229 (20.0)	189 (90.4) 72 (39.8)	69 (93.2) 52 (81.3)	0.40 <0.0001
Prior CABG, n (%)	170 (10.5)	98 (7.3)	45 (21.5)	27 (36.5)	<0.0001
Ejection fraction (%), mean ± SD available for 1461 (90.3%) pts	52.4 ± 9.9	53.4 ± 9.0	48.3 ± 12.1	47.3 ± 12.1	<0.0001
SBP (mmHg), mean ± SD	130 ± 17	130 ± 17	127 ± 17	133 ± 21	0.02
Target values of blood pressuree, n (%)	620 (38.3)	497 (37.3)	97 (46.4)	26 (35.1)	0.03
Pulse pressure (mmHg), mean ± SD	53.1 ± 14.3	53.0 ± 14.0	52.3 ± 14.4	56.8 ± 17.4	0.06
HR (bpm), mean ± SD	68 ± 12	67 ± 11	67 ± 13	69 ± 15	0.32
Hb (gr/dl), mean ± SD available for 1099 (67.9%) pts	13.7 ± 1.8	13.8 ± 1.7	13.1 ± 1.9	13.0 ± 2.1	<0.0001
Creatinine (mg/dl), mean ± SD available for 1106 (68.4%) pts	1.1 ± 0.4	1.0 ± 0.4	1.2 ± 0.5	1.3 ± 1.2	0.0001
Total cholesterol (mg/dl), mean ± SD available for 998 (61.1%) pts	145.3 ± 35.6	144.8 ± 35.1	148.5 ± 40.0	146.8 ± 33.6	0.54
LDL cholesterol available for 893(55.2%) pts	76.4 ± 29.4	75.8 ± 28.7	79.2 ± 33.8	80.3 ± 28.7	0.61
Triglycerides (mg/dl), median (IQR) available for 968 (59.8%) pts	106 [80–145]	104 [80–144]	115 [92–156]	105 [75–130]	0.12
Glycemia (mg/dl), mean ± SD available for 980 (60.6%) pts	111.9 ± 32.4	110.2 ± 29.7	120.2 ± 38.8	119.5 ± 49.5	0.01

BMI: body mass index; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Hb: hemoglobin; HR: heart rate; LDL: low density lipoprotein; SBP: systolic blood pressure; STEMI: ST-elevation myocardial infarction; TIA: transient ischemic attack. ^a Systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg or use of blood pressure lowering drugs. ^b Dialysis, history of renal transplant or creatinine levels >1.5 mg/dL. ^cHistory of claudication; amputation for arterial insufficiency; aorta-iliac occlusive disease reconstruction surgery; peripheral vascular bypass surgery, angioplasty, or stent; documented abdominal aortic aneurysm, aneurysm repair or stent; and documented positive noninvasive testing such as abnormal ankle-brachial index or pulse volume recording.^d Clinically evident bleeding with haemoglobin reduction ≥ 2 g/dL or requiring transfusion or hospitalization. ^e SBP ≤ 120 mmHg and DBP ≤ 80 mmHg