The Impact of Kidney Function on the Slow-Flow/No-Reflow Phenomenon in Patients Treated with Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Registry Analysis
Table 1
Baseline characteristics, kidney function, and in-hospital mortality according to the postprocedural TIMI flow grade.
Characteristics
TIMI = 3
Slow-flow/no-reflow
value
N = 2969
N = 146
Age, years med (IQR)
60 (51, 69)
65 (59, 72)
<0.001
Female, n (%)
819 (27.5)
57 (39)
0.006
Previous MI, n (%)
296 (10)
30 (20.5)
<0.001
Previous AP, n (%)
216 (7.3)
21 (14.4)
0.002
Previous PCI, n (%)
78 (2.6)
6 (4.1)
0.281
Diabetes, n (%)
570 (19.2)
39 (26.7)
0.026
Hypertension, n (%)
1990 (67)
99 (67.8)
0.958
HLP, n (%)
1918 (61.3)
70 (47.9)
0.001
Smoking, n (%)
1605 (54)
55 (37)
<0.001
Pain duration, hours med (IQR)
2.5 (1.5, 4.5)
3 (1.5, 5)
0.036
Atrial fibrillation at admission, n (%)
185 (6.2)
30 (20.5)
<0.001
Complete AV block at admission, n (%)
130 (4.4)
13 (8.9)
<0.001
HF at admission, n (%)
331 (11.2)
59 (44.6)
<0.001
Systolic BP (mmHg) at admission, med (IQR)
140 (120, 150)
130 (110, 150)
0.024
HR at admission, med (IQR)
80 (70, 90)
85 (70, 110)
<0.001
Anterior infarction, n (%)
1180 (39.7)
77 (52.7)
0.007
Multivessel disease, n (%)
1658 (55.1)
104 (71.2)
<0.001
Culprit vessel
LAD, n (%)
1181 (39.8)
54 (36.9)
Cx, n (%)
628 (21.2)
43 (29.4)
RCA, n (%)
984 (33.1)
39 (26.7)
LM, n (%)
176 (5.9)
10 (6.8)
Stent implantation, n (%)
2829 (95.2)
132 (90.4)
0.045
Stent length, med (IQR)
23 (18, 26)
24 (23, 28)
0.010
Stent diameter, med (IQR)
3 (3, 3.5)
3.1 (3, 3.5)
0.897
Preprocedural flow TIMI 0, n (%)
2017 (67.9)
130 (89)
<0.001
IIb/IIIa receptor blockers, n (%)
1064 (34.2)
86 (58.9)
<0.001
CK, med (IQR)
1869 (997, 3467)
2560 (778, 4561)
0.079
Troponin I (μg/L) med (IQR)
30 (19.6, 88)
34.6 (17.1, 110)
0.105
Hemoglobin g/L, med (IQR)
142 (131, 153)
136 (130, 147)
0.075
Creatinine at admission μmol/L, med (IQR)
83 (70, 97)
88 (71, 100)
<0.001
eGFR ml/min/m2 med (IQR)
92.4 (70.4, 114)
77.5 (59.7, 97.8)
<0.001
eGFR ≥90 ml/min/m2, n (%)
1498 (51.7)
16 (11.1)
<0.001
eGFR 60–89 ml/min/m2, n (%)
1031 (34.7)
83 (56.8)
<0.001
eGFR 45–69 ml/min/m2, n (%)
283 (9.8)
25 (17.7)
<0.001
eGFR 30–44 ml/min/m2, n (%)
115 (4)
13 (8.9)
<0.001
eGFR 15–29 ml/min/m2, n (%)
42 (1.5)
8 (5.5)
<0.001
LVEF (%), med (IQR)
50 (40.55)
40 (50.30)
<0.001
Med = median; IQR = interquartile range; AP = angina pectoris; AV = atrioventricular; HLP = hyperlipidemia; MI = myocardial infarction; HF = heart failure; BP = arterial blood pressure; HR = heart rate; LAD = left anterior descending coronary artery; Cx = circumflex coronary artery; RCA = right coronary artery; LM = left-main coronary artery; CK = creatinine kinase; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate.
