Sex Differences and Temporal Trends in Hospitalization for Catheter Ablation of Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Single-Center Experience for 15 Years

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of AF patients by gender.

Characteristics	Women (n = 6713)	Men (n = 13502)	value
Age, median (IQR), y	64 (58–70)	59 (51–66)	<0.001
<65, n (%)	3373 (50.25)	9517 (70.5)	<0.001
65–74, n (%)	2561 (38.15)	3128 (23.2)	<0.001
≥75, n (%)	779 (11.60)	857 (6.3)	<0.001
Gender constituent ratio (%)	33.2	66.8	<0.001
Time in-hospital, median (IQR), d	5 (3–7)	5 (3–6)	<0.001
Health insurance, n (%)	6353 (94.6)	12744 (94.4)	0.494
Marital status
Married, n (%)	6317 (94.1)	13164 (97.5)	<0.001
Unmarried/divorced/widowed, n (%)	396 (5.9)	338 (2.5)
Hospital deaths, n (%)	2 (0.03)	2 (0.01)	0.476
Paroxysmal AF, n (%)	4632 (69.0%)	7583 (56.2%)	<0.001
Persistent AF, n (%)	1645 (24.5%)	4918 (36.4%)	<0.001
Previous catheter ablation, n (%)	884 (13.2%)	1764 (13.1%)	0.837
Cryoablation, n (%)	88 (1.3%)	152 (1.1%)	0.252
Comorbidity, n (%)
Heart failure	242 (3.6%)	345 (2.6%)	<0.001
Hypertension	3899 (58.1%)	6551 (48.5%)	<0.001
Diabetes mellitus	1079 (16.1%)	2113 (15.6%)	0.436
Stroke/TIA/TE	415 (6.2%)	866 (6.4%)	0.524
Vascular disease	837 (12.5%)	1814 (13.4%)	0.055
Hyperlipemia	1789 (26.6%)	3316 (24.6%)	0.001
Coronary heart disease	1026 (15.3%)	2100 (15.6%)	0.618
Cardiomyopathy	129 (1.9%)	361 (2.7%)	0.001
HCM	120 (1.8%)	240 (1.8%)	0.959
DCM	7 (0.1%)	86 (0.6%)	<0.001
Congenital heart disease	36 (0.5%)	40 (0.3%)	0.009
Hyperthyroidism	90 (1.3%)	129 (1.0%)	0.013
Hypothyroidism	317 (4.7%)	249 (1.8%)	<0.001
Malignant tumor	42 (0.6%)	38 (0.3%)	<0.001
PAH	24 (0.4%)	29 (0.2%)	0.062
CHA2DS2-VA score	1.64 ± 1.33	1.28 ± 1.26	<0.001
Score = 0	1560 (23.2%)	4406 (32.6%)	<0.001
Score = 1	1811 (27.0%)	4264 (31.6%)	<0.001
Score ≥ 2	3342 (49.8%)	4832 (35.8%)	<0.001
CHADS2 score	1.00 ± 0.93	0.85 ± 0.91	<0.001
Score = 0	2204 (32.8%)	5521 (40.9%)	<0.001
Score = 1	2814 (41.9%)	5344 (39.6%)	0.001
Score ≥ 2	1695 (25.2%)	2637 (19.5%)	<0.001