Research Article

Sex Differences and Temporal Trends in Hospitalization for Catheter Ablation of Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Single-Center Experience for 15 Years

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of AF patients by gender.

CharacteristicsWomen (n = 6713)Men (n = 13502) value

Age, median (IQR), y64 (58–70)59 (51–66)<0.001
 <65, n (%)3373 (50.25)9517 (70.5)<0.001
 65–74, n (%)2561 (38.15)3128 (23.2)<0.001
 ≥75, n (%)779 (11.60)857 (6.3)<0.001
Gender constituent ratio (%)33.266.8<0.001
Time in-hospital, median (IQR), d5 (3–7)5 (3–6)<0.001
Health insurance, n (%)6353 (94.6)12744 (94.4)0.494
Marital status
 Married, n (%)6317 (94.1)13164 (97.5)<0.001
 Unmarried/divorced/widowed, n (%)396 (5.9)338 (2.5)
Hospital deaths, n (%)2 (0.03)2 (0.01)0.476
Paroxysmal AF, n (%)4632 (69.0%)7583 (56.2%)<0.001
Persistent AF, n (%)1645 (24.5%)4918 (36.4%)<0.001
Previous catheter ablation, n (%)884 (13.2%)1764 (13.1%)0.837
Cryoablation, n (%)88 (1.3%)152 (1.1%)0.252
Comorbidity, n (%)
 Heart failure242 (3.6%)345 (2.6%)<0.001
 Hypertension3899 (58.1%)6551 (48.5%)<0.001
 Diabetes mellitus1079 (16.1%)2113 (15.6%)0.436
 Stroke/TIA/TE415 (6.2%)866 (6.4%)0.524
 Vascular disease837 (12.5%)1814 (13.4%)0.055
 Hyperlipemia1789 (26.6%)3316 (24.6%)0.001
 Coronary heart disease1026 (15.3%)2100 (15.6%)0.618
 Cardiomyopathy129 (1.9%)361 (2.7%)0.001
 HCM120 (1.8%)240 (1.8%)0.959
 DCM7 (0.1%)86 (0.6%)<0.001
 Congenital heart disease36 (0.5%)40 (0.3%)0.009
 Hyperthyroidism90 (1.3%)129 (1.0%)0.013
 Hypothyroidism317 (4.7%)249 (1.8%)<0.001
 Malignant tumor42 (0.6%)38 (0.3%)<0.001
 PAH24 (0.4%)29 (0.2%)0.062
CHA2DS2-VA score1.64 ± 1.331.28 ± 1.26<0.001
 Score = 01560 (23.2%)4406 (32.6%)<0.001
 Score = 11811 (27.0%)4264 (31.6%)<0.001
 Score ≥ 23342 (49.8%)4832 (35.8%)<0.001
CHADS2 score1.00 ± 0.930.85 ± 0.91<0.001
 Score = 02204 (32.8%)5521 (40.9%)<0.001
 Score = 12814 (41.9%)5344 (39.6%)0.001
 Score ≥ 21695 (25.2%)2637 (19.5%)<0.001