Management of Failed Bioprosthetic Aortic Valves: Mitigating Complications and Optimizing Outcomes

Figure 2

Procedural preplanning with 3D Reconstruction and virtual valve in a failed 21 mm Magna surgical valve. With the smallest sized balloon expandable valve, 20 mm, the valve to coronary (VTC) distance to the left main coronary ostium (2.5 mm) and valve to sinotubluar junction(VTSTJ) (1.4 mm) are not adequate.