Monitoring Spike Potential and Abrupt Impedance Rise with Concomitant Temperature/Contact Force Change for Timely Detection of the Occurrence of “Silent” or “Nonaudible” Steam Pop

<div>(a) The time from the initiation of RFCA to the occurrence of audible SP was 27.3 s. The occurrence of SP was associated with a preceding impedance drop of 18.5 Ω. The sudden impedance rise after 27.3 s of RFCA coincided with a SP. Immediately after the SP, an abrupt impedance rise of 4.4 Ω, temperature rise of 2.3°C, and CF rise of 12.1 g were recorded. (b) A spike potential without consequent PAC was recorded immediately during the occurrence of SP. Of note, this RFCA application had 1 previous significant impedance rise of 14.7 Ω at 9.4 s but without concomitant temperature and CF change. (c) The location of the SP is at the roof wall of the LSPV.</div>

Journal of Interventional Cardiology

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Figure 3

Figure 3: Monitoring Spike Potential and Abrupt Impedance Rise with Concomitant Temperature/Contact Force Change for Timely Detection of the Occurrence of “Silent” or “Nonaudible” Steam Pop 

Figure 3 | Monitoring Spike Potential and Abrupt Impedance Rise with Concomitant Temperature/Contact Force Change for Timely Detection of the Occurrence of “Silent” or “Nonaudible” Steam Pop 