Monitoring Spike Potential and Abrupt Impedance Rise with Concomitant Temperature/Contact Force Change for Timely Detection of the Occurrence of “Silent” or “Nonaudible” Steam Pop

Table 1

Baseline clinical characteristics of the study population.

	N = 15
Age (years)	59 ± 13
Male sex (%)	6/15 (40.0%)
Hypertension (%)	4/15 (26.7%)
DM (%)	5/15 (33.3%)
CHD (%)	4/15 (26.7%)
Stroke (%)	1/15 (6.7%)
Paroxysmal AF patients (%)	9/15 (60.0%)
AF history (months)	15.5 ± 19.8
CHA2DS2-VASc score	3.1 ± 1.1
HAS-BLED score	2.7 ± 0.7
BMI (kg/m^2)	28.0 ± 2.9
K (mmol/L)	4.0 ± 0.4
Cr (μmol/L)	70.5 ± 8.3
UA (μmol/L)	355.5 ± 46.1
Glu (mmol/L)	5.5 ± 1.0
LA (mm)	42.8 ± 3.2
LVEDD (mm)	49.0 ± 3.4
LVEF (%)	57.6 ± 8.5

Values are given as mean ± SD. Nonnormally distributed data. BMI = body mass index; LA = left atrium; DM = diabetes mellitus; CHD = coronary heart disease; AF = atrial fibrillation; LVEDD = left ventricular end-diastolic dimension; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction.