Percutaneous Coronary Intervention versus Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting for Chronic Total Occlusion of Coronary Arteries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 2

Characteristics of studies.

First author	Publication year	Region	Sample size (n)	Age (mean ± SD)	Male (%)	Follow-up
Gai et al.	2015	China	253	—	—	5 years
Kawashima et al.	2021	Netherlands	480	PCI: 64.7 ± 10.3	PCI: 79.3	10 years
				CABG: 64.5 ± 10.5	CABG: 85.2
Lin et al.	2022	China	4324	PCI: 57.5 ± 10.6	PCI: 83.7	5 years
				CABG: 60.9 ± 9.1	CABG: 83.0
Liu et al.	2011	China	6000	PCI: 60.16 ± 10.53	PCI: 74.5	3 years
				CABG: 61.47 ± 9.71	CABG: 83.2
Kim et al.	2015	Republic of Korea	2024	CABG: 61.1 ± 9.6	CABG: 87.0	46.5 months
				PCI: 62.0 ± 11.1	PCI: 86.9
Woo et al.	2019	Republic of Korea	2019	CABG: 62.9 ± 9.9	CABG: 83.8	32 months
				PCI: 63.1 ± 11.1	PCI: 80.2
Tomasello et al.	2015	Italy	1777	CABG: 68.8 ± 8.9	CABG: 84	12 months
				PCI: 67.0 ± 10.6	PCI: 84.8
Woo et al.	2015	Republic of Korea	738	—	—	3.5 years
Luis et al.	2021	Spain	1248	PCI: 62.8 ± 10.8	PCI: 85	4.3 years
				CABG: 65.3 ± 9.5	CABG: 87

CABG = coronary artery bypass grafting; MACE = major adverse cardiac event; MI = myocardial infarction; PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention.