Research Article

Marine Protected Areas, Multiple-Agency Management, and Monumental Surprise in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

Box 2

Dynamics of the monument management board.
(a) “We entered this process not knowing each other’s agencies all that well. … And we rapidly learned that our agencies, even
though we operate under some of (the) same laws and regulations that the other (agencies do), we interpret them very differently.
So that set up some additional controversy to begin with, I think exacerbated by differences in personalities. … It’s very difficult
to sit through a meeting and be yelled and screamed at, to be very honest. And it has happened many, many, many times.”
(b) “There have been really good times when people really rolled up their sleeves and really worked…towards a common goal, and
there have been times when I’ve had some of my coworkers…qualify some of the later meetings…as abusive and…
a hostile work environment.”
(c) “Maybe it’s a lot to ask of…that young (of) an organization…but it needed more leadership at all agency levels, between all
the agencies involved. … And if we all take a look at the place and are guided by that, we can find ways within our agencies
to…support what’s going on here and to make the best decisions. And instead, it just seems a lot of times to kind of get mired
in the more stereotypical government approach of being governed by the regulations as opposed to, you know,
what you want to see in that area.”
(d) “We had to figure it out from the moment at which the proclamation went into effect with no guidance, and we had
to start managing this place as well as write a management plan, develop a world heritage document…we had (to) invent the wheel
as we are going along.”