Preparation and Tribological Properties of Dual-Coated TiO₂ Nanoparticles as Water-Based Lubricant Additives

Figure 7

Schematic diagram showing separation effect of nanoparticles during rubbing lubricated (a) pure water without nanoparticle; (b) the water with a trace amount of nanoparticles; (c) the water with an appropriate amount of nanoparticles.

(a)

(b)

(c)