Enhanced Heavy Oil Recovery in Mild Conditions by <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="vertical-align:-4.199599pt" id="M1" height="19.452pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0657574 -15.2524 42.9314 19.452" width="42.9314pt"><g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-0.017,0,0)"><path id="g13-81" d="M442 495C434 557 427 602 423 639C405 645 348 665 284 665C142 665 55 579 55 469C55 373 127 319 229 267C304 227 348 190 348 131C348 67 309 25 248 25C152 25 93 138 73 202L38 190C45 130 58 46 68 21C81 15 100 7 128 -1C158 -10 193 -15 229 -15C375 -15 472 74 472 188C472 287 400 343 295 394C207 439 171 470 171 525C171 583 212 624 268 624C349 624 387 550 407 487L442 495Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-0.017,8.666,0)"><path id="g13-77" d="M394 664C165 664 42 495 42 323C42 132 181 -15 381 -15C570 -15 725 116 725 332C725 529 576 664 394 664ZM374 622C491 622 571 503 571 304C571 120 494 27 399 27C271 27 196 171 196 343C196 516 274 622 374 622Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.012,0,0,-0.012,21.892,4.134)"><path id="g22-50" d="M494 172V234H402V629H324C229 513 123 370 15 217V172H273V117C273 59 268 47 182 40V0H484V40C409 47 402 55 402 115V172H494ZM273 234H96C159 333 223 427 271 490H273V234Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.012,0,0,-0.012,28.662,-7.578)"><path id="g22-48" d="M440 180C404 113 397 110 338 110H183L298 220C398 316 438 379 438 456C438 568 354 635 254 635C192 635 138 610 101 572L36 479L69 452C103 500 144 541 204 541C270 541 306 494 306 425C306 350 267 276 197 193C148 136 89 81 36 30V0H440C451 42 463 106 480 167L440 180Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.012,0,0,-0.012,34.753,-7.578)"><path id="g54-33" d="M556 236V289H56V236H556Z"/></g></svg>/<svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="vertical-align:-4.1996pt" id="M2" height="15.7368pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0657574 -11.5372 35.9422 15.7368" width="35.9422pt"><g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-0.017,0,0)"><path id="g13-82" d="M616 481C611 545 606 633 605 675H580C563 656 549 650 523 650H121C92 650 79 653 64 675H39C37 624 31 551 27 478H64C77 528 89 562 106 579C120 596 138 606 221 606H255V133C255 48 245 42 161 35V0H487V35C399 42 389 48 389 133V606H434C493 606 518 601 536 583S568 531 580 479L616 481Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-0.017,10.724,0)"><path id="g13-103" d="M148 517C189 517 220 549 220 587C220 627 189 657 149 657C111 657 78 627 78 587C78 549 111 517 148 517ZM285 0V32C225 39 220 45 220 114V454C164 438 98 425 37 418V389C85 381 92 378 92 312V114C92 43 86 39 28 32V0H285Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-0.017,15.786,0)"><use xlink:href="#g13-77"/></g><g transform="matrix(.012,0,0,-0.012,29.04,4.134)"><use xlink:href="#g22-48"/></g></svg>-<svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="vertical-align:-4.1996pt" id="M3" height="15.7368pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0657574 -11.5372 37.8197 15.7368" width="37.8197pt"><g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-0.017,0,0)"><path id="g13-88" d="M574 193C552 131 535 101 511 78C482 51 412 45 334 45C271 45 243 47 210 51C335 250 459 440 584 635L576 650H170C138 650 127 652 112 675H86C84 623 78 553 75 476L108 475C119 522 135 552 147 570C163 594 182 605 284 605H410C286 412 157 211 29 17L40 0H571C581 35 599 136 607 185L574 193Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-0.017,10.725,0)"><path id="g13-112" d="M220 349V455C158 436 98 425 38 417V389C85 378 92 374 92 323V104C92 43 83 38 28 32V0H302V32C225 38 220 43 220 104V291C237 330 257 343 276 343C292 343 305 336 322 322C329 316 339 313 353 318C379 328 402 356 402 392C402 426 374 454 335 454C297 454 259 411 222 349H220Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-0.017,17.658,0)"><use xlink:href="#g13-77"/></g><g transform="matrix(.012,0,0,-0.012,30.917,4.134)"><use xlink:href="#g22-48"/></g></svg> Solid Superacid Prepared by Different Methods

<div>Viscosity reduction rate of heavy oil with catalysts.</div>

Journal of Nanomaterials

fig4

Figure 4

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Journal of Nanomaterials

Enhanced Heavy Oil Recovery in Mild Conditions by /- Solid Superacid Prepared by Different Methods

Figure 4