A Novel Label-Free Biosensor for Detection of HE4 in Urine Based on Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance and Protein G Directional Fixed

Table 3

Δλmax of HE4 detection in urine of different study groups with new LSPR biosensor (based on localized surface plasmon resonance and protein G directional fixed [10, 17]).

Study groups	LSPR wavelength shift (Δλmax)					±SD; (n =5, nm)
	Case 1	Case 2	Case 3	Case 4	Cases 5
Healthy women	0.49	0.05	0.85	0.43	0.06	0.38 ± 0.33
Benign ovarian cyst patients	0.91	0.38	0.50	0.12	0.63	0.51 ± 0.29
Early ovarian cancer patients	4.31	5.39	8.66	4.19	7.24	5.96 ± 1.94