Synthesis of Hybrid Lead Iodide Perovskite Thin Film by Two-Step Method Modified with a Double Dipping Circle to Control Its Crystallization and Morphology to Improve Solar Cells’ Performance

<div>The proposed mechanism of dissolution–recrystallization process of perovskite film fabricated by a two-step dipping process explains the formation of voids and defects on the perosvkite film and the large grain size of perovskite crystals [<a href="/journals/jnm/2021/5582737/#B17">17</a>].</div>

Journal of Nanomaterials

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Scheme 2

Scheme 2: Synthesis of Hybrid Lead Iodide Perovskite Thin Film by Two-Step Method Modified with a Double Dipping Circle to Control Its Crystallization and Morphology to Improve Solar Cells’ Performance 

Scheme 2 | Synthesis of Hybrid Lead Iodide Perovskite Thin Film by Two-Step Method Modified with a Double Dipping Circle to Control Its Crystallization and Morphology to Improve Solar Cells’ Performance 