[Retracted] Experimental Investigation of Spirulina Microalgae Biodiesel with Metal Nanoadditive on Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine

<table class="table-group" id="tab4"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">S. no</td><td class="align_center">Instruments</td><td class="align_center">Range</td><td class="align_center">Accuracy</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left" rowspan="5">1</td><td class="align_center" rowspan="5">Exhaust emission analyzer</td><td class="align_center">CO: 0-10%</td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 62.9728ptpx;"><svg height="9.77526pt" id="M16" style="vertical-align:-0.4673595pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.3079 62.9728 9.77526" width="62.9728pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M687 650H462V622C543 612 549 605 530 547C498 447 422 252 372 126H370C302 298 229 492 204 563C188 607 191 615 262 622V650H17V622C77 616 93 608 122 534C180 389 262 172 329 -11H360C436 196 541 450 568 516C606 605 619 614 687 622V650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,7.873,0)"><path d="M257 449C165 449 37 374 37 209C37 98 119 -12 256 -12C355 -12 473 65 473 226C473 349 381 449 257 449ZM244 416C333 416 380 320 380 204C380 67 329 21 267 21C184 21 130 115 130 241C130 354 184 416 244 416Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,14.412,0)"><path d="M238 0V26C174 32 166 38 166 104V712C132 700 70 683 18 677V653C81 647 87 645 87 577V104C87 38 78 32 15 26V0H238Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,20.678,0)"><path d="M535 290V340H323V533H265V340H52V290H265V84H323V290H535ZM535 -22V28H52V-22H535Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,31.214,0)"><path d="M241 635C89 635 35 457 35 312C35 153 89 -12 240 -12C390 -12 443 166 443 312C443 466 390 635 241 635ZM238 602C329 602 354 454 354 312C354 172 330 22 240 22C152 22 124 173 124 313S148 602 238 602Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,37.454,0)"><path d="M113 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170C494 223 506 322 566 322Z"></path></g></svg></span></td></tr><tr><td class="align_center">HC: 0-10000 ppm</td><td class="align_center">±10 ppm</td></tr><tr><td class="align_center">CO<sub>2</sub>: 0-20%</td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 62.9728ptpx;"><svg height="9.77526pt" id="M17" style="vertical-align:-0.4673595pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.3079 62.9728 9.77526" width="62.9728pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M687 650H462V622C543 612 549 605 530 547C498 447 422 252 372 126H370C302 298 229 492 204 563C188 607 191 615 262 622V650H17V622C77 616 93 608 122 534C180 389 262 172 329 -11H360C436 196 541 450 568 516C606 605 619 614 687 622V650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,7.873,0)"><path d="M257 449C165 449 37 374 37 209C37 98 119 -12 256 -12C355 -12 473 65 473 226C473 349 381 449 257 449ZM244 416C333 416 380 320 380 204C380 67 329 21 267 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style="vertical-align:-3.29106pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.75334 25.2377 12.0444" width="25.2377pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M719 650H483V622C553 619 576 606 581 560C585 532 588 487 588 394V148H585L167 650H20V622C67 618 88 610 109 585C127 562 129 557 129 484V264C129 173 126 124 123 93C118 44 92 31 35 28V0H272V28C204 32 181 44 176 95C173 124 170 172 170 264V515H172L598 -9H629V394C629 487 631 532 635 563C639 606 663 619 719 622V650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,9.695,0)"><path d="M381 665C170 665 44 498 44 318C44 125 188 -15 369 -15C552 -15 703 117 703 333C703 534 550 665 381 665ZM359 629C491 629 601 517 601 306C601 114 502 21 390 21C249 21 146 158 146 346S248 629 359 629Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,19.443,3.132)"><path d="M545 403C545 425 527 451 498 451C448 451 400 404 312 286L290 341C262 412 246 451 219 451C182 451 138 404 92 345L112 323C152 368 169 378 181 378C192 378 201 359 216 321L257 214C184 115 142 69 113 69C102 69 93 73 88 79S78 89 68 89C47 89 24 61 24 40C24 8 49 -12 75 -12C125 -12 175 31 271 175L312 64C330 15 357 -12 382 -12C421 -12 475 35 515 98L496 121C466 88 439 62 420 62C402 62 384 92 363 147L325 247C349 280 374 309 397 333C422 361 446 381 462 381C471 381 481 374 488 366C493 360 499 357 505 357C521 357 545 380 545 403Z"></path></g></svg>:</span> 0-5000 ppm</td><td class="align_center">±10 ppm</td></tr><tr><td class="align_center">0–100%</td><td class="align_center">±1%</td></tr><tr><td class="align_center" colspan="4"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">2</td><td class="align_center">AVL smoke meter</td><td class="align_center">0–100%</td><td class="align_center">±1%</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="4"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Emissions were measuring instruments with accuracy.</div>

Journal of Nanomaterials

tab4

Table 4

Table 4: [Retracted] Experimental Investigation of Spirulina Microalgae Biodiesel with Metal Nanoadditive on Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine 