Optimization of Dual Coating Using Electroless Ni-P-Nano-TiO₂ and Plasma Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia on Piston Crown and Cylinder Liner in CI Engine

Table 4

Responses value for DOE based on orthogonal array.

S. no	pH (%)	Stabilizer (g/L)	Surfactant (g/L)	Thickness (μm)	Thermal resistance (K/W)	Surface roughness (μm)
1	5	20	1	22	13.4	0.26
2	5	25	1.2	24	13.6	0.28
3	5	30	1.4	26	13.5	0.3
4	7	20	1.2	35	14.3	0.38
5	7	25	1.4	34	14.7	0.35
6	7	30	1	36	14.5	0.3
7	9	20	1.4	42	15	0.46
8	9	25	1	41	15.5	0.45
9	9	30	1.2	40	15.3	0.43