Sex-Related Differences in the Effects of the Mediterranean Diet on Glucose and Insulin Homeostasis

Figure 1

Glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations observed in men (left, ) and women (right, ) before (–o–) and after (–●–) the 4-week controlled Mediterranean diet. Analyses were adjusted for values before the controlled phase and body weight change during the controlled phase. MIXED procedures for repeated measurements followed by Tukey-Kramer tests were used. Sex-by-time interaction effects were found for insulin iAUC () as well as for insulin 60 min postload () and insulin 120 min postload (). ecreases in insulin iAUC and insulin 120 min postload were found only in men (resp., and ) whereas only women experienced an increase in insulin 60 min postload ().

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