Sex-Related Differences in the Effects of the Mediterranean Diet on Glucose and Insulin Homeostasis

Table 3

Pearson’s correlation coefficients for the associations between changes in nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) concentrations and changes in variables related to the glucose and insulin homeostasis in men and women in response to the Mediterranean diet.

	Men			Women
	Fasting NEFA	NEFA AUC	NEFA suppression rate	Fasting NEFA	NEFA AUC	NEFA suppression rate
Glucose
Fasting	0.11	−0.15	0.25	−0.32	−0.19
Peak		0.24		−0.11	0.07	−0.01
120 min	0.23	0.07	0.08	0.02		−0.15
iAUC		0.23	0.26	0.31		0.21
Insulin
Fasting	0.12	0.07	0.12	−0.32	−0.37	−0.06
Peak	0.14	0.07	0.16	0.12	−0.09	0.08
120 min	0.11	0.02	0.05	0.08	−0.07	0.22
iAUC	0.23	0.18	0.27	0.22	0.08	0.24
C-peptide
Fasting	0.03	−0.14	0.18			−0.30
Peak	0.05	0.14	0.06	0.01	0.16	−0.09
120 min	−0.02	0.10	0.01	0.09	0.08	0.06
iAUC	0.08	0.15	0.09	0.16	0.28	−0.02
HOMA-IS index	−0.07	0.10	−0.11	0.10	0.15	−0.02
Cederholm index		−0.18	−0.29	0.15	−0.12	−0.07

, .
NEFA, nonesterified fatty acids; AUC, area under the curve; iAUC, incremental area under the curve; HOMA-IS index, homeostasis model assessment index for insulin sensitivity.
for men, except for associations including incremental peaks of glucose, insulin and C-peptide, iAUC for glucose, insulin, C-peptide and NEFA, fasting C-peptide, C-peptide 120 min postload, and the Cederholm index for which due to missing values.
for women, except for associations including peaks of glucose (), insulin () and C-peptide (), iAUC for glucose (), insulin (), C-peptide () and NEFA (, except for associations with variables related to C-peptide, ), fasting C-peptide (), C-peptide 120 min postload (), and the Cederholm index () due to missing values.