Clinical Study
Nutrition before and during Surgery and the Inflammatory Response of the Heart: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Table 3
Inflammatory cells in the 1st and 2nd myocardial tissue samples (number/mm2) in study groups.
| | | Start of surgery (1st tissue sample) | End of surgery (2nd tissue sample) | | | Enteral group () | Parenteral group () | Control group () | Enteral group () | Parenteral group () | Control group () |
| | Lymphocytes (CD45) | | | | | | | | Cardiomyocytic area | 5.03
(1.58–15.17) | 0.00
(0.00–8.64) | 10.23
(3.44–15.51) | 5.75
(0.81–6.88) | 3.92
(0.00–6.53) | 1.91
(0.00–10.10) | | Fibrotic area (µm2) | 154.10
(35.43–1215.60) | 93.90
(36.17–2080.91) | 241.18
(120.80–481.83) | 178.09
(31.01–5449.95) | 47.39
(9.23–147.22) | 60.25
(0.08–138.74) | | Fatty area | 8.54
(0.89–12.54) | 4.06
(0.16–10.43) | 6.22
(0.00–120.05) | 3.22
(0.00–5.08) | 2.56
(1.19–93.43) | 7.24
(3.22–22.85) | | Neutrophil granulocytes (MPO) | | | | | | | | Cardiomyocytic area | 0.00
(0.00–14.23) | 0.00
(0.00–0.31) | 1.47
(0.00–3.62) | 4.10
(0.00–15.86) | 3.07
(0.32–6.53) | 0.65
(0.00–1.94) | | Fibrotic area | 0.00
(0.00–0.00) | 0.00
(0.00–11.87) | 0.00
(0.00–1.72) | 0.00
(0.00–32.44) | 6.72
(0.00–12.92) | 1.64
(0.00–15.56) | | Fatty area | 0.00
(0.00–0.00) | 0.00
(0.00–0.16) | 0.00
(0.00–0.00) | 0.00
(0.00–1.81) | 0.00
(0.00–2.49) | 0.00
(0.00–8.52) | | Macrophages (CD68) | | | | | | | | Cardiomyocytic area | 0.00
(0.00–0.00) | 0.00
(0.00–0.00) | 0.00
(0.00–1.03) | 0.00
(0.00–0.00) | 0.00
(0.00–1.12) | 0.00
(0.00–0.38) | | Fibrotic area | 0.00
(0.00–0.95) | 0.00
(0.00–9.86) | 1.72
(0.00–8.24) | 0.00
(0.00–4.32) | 0.72
(0.00–13.49) | 2.11
(0.00–6.62) | | Fatty area | 0.00
(0.00–0.49) | 0.00
(0.00–1.28) | 0.00
(0.00–1.05) | 0.00
(0.00–1.21) | 0.00
(0.00–2.32) | 0.00
(0.00–0.66) | | IL-6 | | | | | | | | Cardiomyocytic area | 28.72
(0.48–77.38) | 0.00
(0.00–18.91) | 19.20
(1.20–88.94) | 36.03
(0.00–80.77) | 20.53
(0.79–43.25) | 14.53
(0.00–55.17) | | Fibrotic area | 0.00
(0.00–7.04) | 0.00
(0.00–0.000) | 2.47
(0.00–6.39) | 0.00
(0.00–2.26) | 0.00
(0.00–5.90) | 0.00
(0.00–3.37) | | Fatty area | 0.00
(0.00–0.00) | 0.00
(0.00–2.50) | 0.00
(0.00–0.00) | 0.00
(0.00–0.00) | 0.00
(0.00–1.67) | 0.00
(0.00–0.00) | | IL-1β endothelium | 0.00
(0.00–0.60) | 0.00
(0.00–0.50) | 0.00
(0.00–1.72) | 0.00
(0.00–1.86) | 0.30
(0.00–0.79) | 0.00
(0.00–0.00) | | TNF-α endothelium | 0.00
(0.00–0.00) | 0.00
(0.00–0.00) | 0.00
(0.00–0.00) | 0.00
(0.00–0.00) | 0.00
(0.00–0.00) | 0.00
(0.00–0.00) | | Activated endothelium | | | | | | | | P-selectin | 2.17
(0.17–3.76) | 1.41
(0.87–5.43) | 3.37
(0.69–6.29) | 2.29
(0.57–6.93) | 3.33
(1.27–5.06) | 1.70
(0.32–6.46) | | E-selectin | 0.00
(0.00–0.00) | 0.00
(0.00–0.30) | 0.00
(0.00–0.00) | 0.17
(0.00–0.48) | 0.14
(0.00–0.46) | 0.00
(0.00–0.42) | | Proinflammatory vessel damage (CML) | 26.00
(7.58–77.44) | 20.78
(5.23–68.66) | 46.31
(4.12–134.68) | 28.78
(5.29–85.01) | 21.18
(12.12–45.80) | 21.21
(9.28–81.26) | | C3d | | | | | | | | Endothelium | 0.00
(0.00–0.36) | 0.09
(0.00–0.25) | 0.00
(0.00–0.36) | 0.00
(0.00–0.32) | 0.00
(0.00–0.27) | 0.00
(0.00–0.14) | | Erythrocytes intensity score > 1 | 41.7% | 22.2% | 9.1% | 58.3% | 44.4% | 27.3% | | Fibrotic area intensity score > 1 | 8.3% | 11.1% | 9.1% | 75.0% | 55.6% | 54.5% |
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Values are median (IQR).
MPO, myeloperoxidase; CML, carboxymethyl lysine.
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