Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

Research Article

Aerobic Exercise Associated with Fish Oil Supplementation Decreases C-Reactive Protein and Interleukin-6 in Celiac Disease Patients

Table 1

Age and anthropometric parameters in celiac disease patients and healthy people—intergroup analysis.


Phase	1			2		3		4
Group	CTR	FOS	EXE	FOS	EXE	FOS	EXE	CTR	FOS	EXE

N	12	11	8	11	8	11	8	12	11	8
Age (years)	31.92 ± 4.9	36.5 ± 10.7	38.2 ± 8.8					31.92 ± 4.9	36.5 ± 10.7	38.2 ± 8.8
Height (m)	1.71 ± 0.07¹	1.62 ± 0.05¹	1.59 ± 0.04					1.71 ± 0.07²	1.62 ± 0.05²	1.59 ± 0.04
BM (kg)	78.3 ± 14.3	67.5 ± 16.7	75.9 ± 18.5⁶	67.6 ± 16.7	74.9 ± 18.5⁶	69.2 ± 16.6	68.7 ± 9.7	77.8 ± 14.1	67.9 ± 19.3	74.1 ± 17.1
BMI (kg/m²)	26.6 ± 3.5	25.6 ± 5.7	28.2 ± 4.4⁷	25.6 ± 5.7	28 ± 4.3⁷	26.3 ± 5.6	27.7 ± 3.9	26.4 ± 3.4	23.4 ± 10.2	27.7 ± 3.5
BMI normal (%)	25	54.54	25					25	54.54	25
BMI overweight (%)	50	27.27	25					58.33	27.27	62.5
BMI obesity (%)	25	0	50					16.67	0	12.5
BMI severe obesity (%)	0	18.19	0					0	18.19	0
%FM	25.5 ± 7.1	28.9 ± 9.3	34.3 ± 5.6	28.8 ± 10.3	33.7 ± 4.85	27.5 ± 10.5⁴	32.7 ± 4.1	26.1 ± 6.7	28.3 ± 10.8⁴	33.5 ± 4.3
FFM (kg)	58.3 ± 12.5³	46.4 ± 5.9^3,5	49.3 ± 13.9³	46.6 ± 5.7	45.1 ± 4.3	47.3 ± 6.5⁵	45.3 ± 4.2	57.5 ± 12	46.6 ± 6.9	49.3 ± 12.8
WHR	0.78 ± 0.09	0.77 ± 0.06	0.80 ± 0.09	0.75 ± 0.07	0.77 ± 0.05	0.72 ± 0.,05	0.79 ± 0.09	0.79 ± 0.08	0.73 ± 0.04	0.80 ± 0.08
WHR low (%)	41.66	27.27	12.5					25	36.36	12.5
WHR moderate (%)	50	45.45	37.5					66.66	63.64	25
WHR high (%)	8.34	18.19	37.5					8.34	0	50
WHR very high (%)	0	9.09	12.5					0	0	12.5

^{1,2,3,4,5,6,7}Equal numerical symbols indicate significant difference from each other: ¹ANOVA, ; ² ANOVA, ; ³ Kruskal-Wallis, , not significant in Dunn’s posttest but significant to CTR versus FOS in Mann-Whitney U test, ; ⁴pairing t-test, ; ⁵pairing t-test, ; ⁶pairing t-test, ; ⁷pairing t-test, . CTR—healthy control group, n = 12; FOS—CD patients submitted to fish oil supplementation, n = 11; and EXE—CD patients submitted to fish oil supplementation and aerobic exercise, n = 8. Age in years; height in meters; BM—body mass in kilograms; BMI—body mass index; %FM—fat mass percentage; FFM—fat-free mass in kilograms; WHR—waist-to-hip ratio. Subjects were classified into BMI and WHR categories, with results shown as a percentage.