Clinical Efficacy of Curcumin and Vitamin E on Inflammatory-Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Primary Symptoms of Menopause in Healthy Postmenopausal Women: A Triple-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of participants among the study groups.
Variable
Curcumin (n = 26)
Vitamin E (n = 27)
Placebo (n = 28)
value
Age (year)†
52.0 (2.5)
52.5 (3.2)
52.1 (2.7)
0.764
Menopause age (year)†
49.3 (2.2)
49.6 (2.8)
48.6 (3.5)
0.358
Childbirth†
2.5 (1.0)
2.8 (0.9)
2.6 (1.0)
0.646
Family members†
1.6 (0.5)
1.5 (0.6)
1.4 (0.5)
0.235
Weight (kg)†
72.3 (8.8)
71.8 (10.9)
74.0 (10.4)
0.710
BMI (kg/m2)†
30.5 (4.6)
29.9 (4.4)
30.1 (3.7)
0.880
Age (year)†
52.0 (2.5)
52.5 (3.2)
52.1 (2.7)
0.764
Total physical activity (MET‑min.week)±
396.6 (336.6–815.5)
442.0 (326.5–1026.5)
386.5 (340.5–864.5)
0.588
Marriage status‡
Single and widow
5 (17.9)
3 (10.7)
3 (10.7)
Married
23 (82.1)
25 (89.3)
25 (89.3)
Educational level‡
Illiterate and primary
13 (46.4)
13 (46.4)
13 (46.4)
Secondary and high school
6 (21.4)
11 (39.3)
8 (28.6)
Diploma and more
9 (32.1)
4 (14.3)
7 (25.0)
Occupation‡
Housewife
27 (96.4)
26 (92.9)
28 (100.0)
Occupied andretired
1 (3.6)
2 (7.1)
0 (0.0)
Husband education‡
Illiterate andprimary
2 (7.4)
8 (28.6)
8 (28.6)
Secondary andhigh school
12 (44.4)
10 (39.3)
7 (25.0)
Diploma andmore
14 (50.0)
9 (33.3)
13 (46.4)
Husband occupation‡
Self-occupied
8 (29.6)
13 (46.4)
16 (57.1)
Employee
5 (17.9)
3 (10.7)
4 (14.3)
Retired
13 (46.4)
10 (37.0)
7 (25.0)
Worker
2 (7.1)
2 (7.1)
1 (3.6)
Family income‡
Sufficient
13 (46.4)
11 (40.7)
15 (53.6)
Less than sufficient
15 (53.6)
16 (59.3)
13 (46.4)
Life satisfaction‡
Yes
26 (92.9)
24 (92.3)
22 (84.6)
No
2 (7.1)
2 (7.7)
4 (15.4)
Smoker husband‡
Yes
7 (25.0)
7 (25.0)
8 (28.6)
No
21 (75.5)
21 (75.5)
20 (71.4)
Living with husband family‡
Yes
1 (3.6)
0 (0.0)
1 (3.6)
No
27 (96.4)
28 (100.0)
27 (96.4)
BMI: body mass index, †mean (SD), ±median (p25–p75), ‡number (percent); one-way ANOVA, chi-square, linear by linear chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis.
