The Effects of Coconut Skim Milk and Coco-Dairy Milk Blend on the Nutritional Status of Schoolchildren

Table 4

Percentage distribution of socio-economic and demographic profile of study participants.

Variables	All		Control group		Intervention group
			Cow’s milk		Coconut skim milk		Coco-dairy milk blend
	n = 317		n = 122		n = 100		n = 95
	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Family type
Nuclear	190	59.9	70	57.4	61	61	59	62.1
Extended	127	40.1	52	42.5	39	39	36	37.9
Household size
1–10 members	298	94	115	94.3	94	94	89	93.7
10–20 members	19	5.99	7	5.74	6	6	6	6.3
Mother’s educational attainment
No education	3	0.95	1	0.82	2	2	0	0
Some elementary	13	4.1	2	1.64	6	6	5	5.3
Elementary graduate	27	8.52	8	6.56	10	10	9	9.5
Some high school	40	12.6	14	11.5	15	15	11	11.6
High school graduate	123	38.8	56	45.9	36	36	31	32.6
Some vocational	17	5.36	6	4.92	8	8	3	3.2
Vocational graduate	7	2.21	4	3.28	0	0	3	3.2
Some college	43	13.6	13	10.7	14	14	16	16.8
College graduate	38	12	16	13.1	8	8	14	14.7
Others	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Not sure	6	1.89	2	1.64	1	1	3	3.2
Father’s educational attainment
No education	1	0.32	1	0.82	0	0	0	0
Some elementary	21	6.62	7	5.74	10	10	4	4.2
Elementary graduate	28	8.83	9	7.38	8	8	11	11.6
Some high school	31	9.78	16	13.1	8	8	7	7.4
High school graduate	90	28.4	33	27.1	26	26	31	32.6
Some vocational	16	5.05	6	4.92	8	8	2	2.1
Vocational graduate	13	4.1	5	4.1	4	4	4	4.2
Some college	43	13.6	16	13.1	17	17	10	10.5
College graduate	43	13.6	15	12.3	10	10	18	19.0
Others	2	0.63	1	0.82	1	1	0	0.0
Not sure	29	9.15	13	10.7	8	8	8	8.4
Main occupation
Agriculture (fishing and farming)	3	0.95	2	1.64	1	1	0	0.0
Production related worker	57	18	24	19.7	18	18	15	15.8
Service-related worker	129	40.7	52	42.6	33	33	44	46.3
Business/self-employed	24	7.57	10	8.2	6	6	8	8.4
Transportation related worker	53	16.7	15	12.3	23	23	15	15.8
Professional/technical	21	6.62	8	6.56	7	7	6	6.3
Clerical related worker	14	4.42	3	2.46	7	7	4	4.2
Others	12	3.79	7	5.74	3	3	2	2.1
Not sure	4	1.26	1	0.82	2	2	1	1.1
Number of earning family members
0	1	0.32	0	0	1	1	0	0.0
1	214	67.5	81	66.4	64	64	69	72.6
2	90	28.4	35	28.7	31	31	24	25.3
3	6	1.89	3	2.46	1	1	2	2.1
4	3	0.95	2	1.64	1	1	0	0.0
5	1	0.32	1	0.82	0	0	0	0.0
6	2	0.63	0	0	2	2	0	0.0
Estimated monthly family income
<Php 5000	55	17.4	25	20.5	17	17	13	13.7
Php 5000–10000	155	48.9	56	45.9	48	48	51	53.7
Php 10000–15000	43	13.6	13	10.7	16	16	14	14.7
>Php 15000	42	13.3	18	14.8	11	11	13	13.7
Not sure	22	6.94	10	8.2	8	8	4	4.2
Estimated monthly family income, mean			9451.36		8945.6		9632.7
Food expenditure
<250 per day	206	65	79	64.8	56	56	71	74.7
>250 per day	99	31.2	37	30.3	38	38	24	25.3
Not sure	15	4.73	6	4.92	9	9	0	0.0
Food expenditure, mean			237.2		254.09		225.25
Type of dwelling unit
Single house	281	88.6	107	87.7	93	93	81	85.3
Duplex	0	2.84	4	3.28	1	1	4	4.2
Apartment/condominium/tenement/BLISS	3	0.95	1	0.82	0	0	2	2.1
Commercial	1	0.32	1	0.82	0	0	0	0.0
Makeshift	15	4.73	4	3.28	4	4	7	7.4
Others, specify	7	2.21	4	3.28	2	2	1	1.1
Not sure	1	0.32	1	0.82	0	0	0	0.0
Status of house
Own	168	53	67	54.9	52	52	49	51.6
Rent	56	17.7	19	15.6	17	17	20	21.1
Free (owned by parents/relatives, caretaker)	82	25.9	30	24.6	27	27	25	26.3
Squat (settle in public/private dwelling without permission)	11	3.47	6	4.92	4	4	1	1.1
Others	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Food storage
Refrigerator	120	37.9	42	34.4	35	35	43	45.3
Screened/enclosed cabinet	76	24	29	23.8	27	27	20	21.1
On table with cover	84	26.5	35	28.7	27	27	22	23.2
Others, specify	37	11.7	16	13.1	11	11	10	10.5
Source of water
Waterworks	85	17.4	31	25.4	9	9	15	15.8
Deep well	23	7.26	6	4.92	13	13	4	4.2
Dug well/shallow well	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Purified bottle water	238	75.1	84	68.9	78	78	76	80
Others	1	0.32	1	0.82	0	0	0	0
Garbage
Garbage collection system	272	85.8	107	87.7	78	78	87	91.6
Open pit	11	3.47	4	3.28	4	4	3	3.2
Covered pit	2	0.63	2	1.64	0	0	0	0
Covered pit then burned	24	7.57	8	6.56	12	12	4	4.2
Open pit then burned	4	1.26	0	0	4	4	0	0
Throw anywhere	4	1.26	1	0.82	2	2	1	1.1
Others	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Water disposal
Water sealed	317	100	122	100	100	100	95	100
Sanitary pit privy	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bored hole latrine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Others	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0