Optimal Enteral Nutrition Support Preserved Muscle Mass in Critically Ill Children

Table 1

Patient’s characteristics of participating critically ill children (N = 63).

Characteristics	Mean (SD) or N (%)
Age (year)
<1	18 (28.6)
1–5	24 (38.1)
6–10	11 (17.5)
11–15	10 (15.9)
Gender
Men	30 (47.6)
Admission categories
Medical	50 (79.3)
Surgical (elective)	11 (17.5)
Trauma/burn	2 (3.2)
PICU^† stay (day)	9.1 (12.7)
Respiratory support
Mechanical ventilation	35 (55.6)
Ventilator (day)	6.3 (12.4)
Nutritional status assessment within 48 h	63 (100)
Normal	35 (55.6)
Mild PEM^††	12 (19)
Moderate PEM	8 (12.7)
Severe PEM	3 (4.8)
Obesity	5 (7.9)
Energy expenditure prescription methods
Schofield equation	46 (73)
Indirect calorimetry	17 (27)
Sources of nutrition
Enteral nutrition only	60 (95.2)
Both enteral and parenteral	3 (4.8)
PRISM^††† III score (median^‡, IQR)	5 (0, 11.5)

^†PICU, pediatric intensive care unit;^††PEM, protein energy malnutrition;^†††PRISM, pediatric risk of mortality; ^‡IQR, interquartile range.