Research Article

Helicobacter pylori and Epstein–Barr Virus Infection in Gastric Diseases: Correlation with IL-10 and IL1RN Polymorphism

Table 3

Characteristics of the groups: normal gastric mucosa (NGM), active chronic gastritis (GCA), gastric cancer (KG), and MALT lymphoma (ML). Results of univariate and multivariate analysis among groups.

ParametersGroup NGMGroup GCAGroup KGGroup MLUnivariate and multivariate analysis

Age46.58 ± 14.7449.04 ± 16.8369.88 ± 8.6867.58 ± 6.24 (A)
NGM < KG, (Sh)
NGM < ML, (Sh)
GCA < KG, (Sh)
GCA < ML, (Sh)
NGM < GCA, (Sh)
ML < KG, (Sh)

Gender
 Male33.33% (8/24)37.50% (9/24)33.33% (8/24)33.33% (8/24) (C)
 Female66.67% (16/24)62.50% (15/24)66.67% (16/24)66.67% (16/24) (C)

Analysis with PCR
 Not infected50.00% (12/24)45.83% (11/24)33.33% (8/24)41.67% (10/24) (C)
 Infected by HP45.83% (11/24)41.67% (10/24)50.00% (12/24)45.83% (11/24) (C)
 Infected by EBV20.83% (5/24)41.67% (10/24)54.17% (13/24)37.50% (9/24) (C)
 Coinfected16.67% (4/24)29.17% (7/24)37.50% (9/24)25.00% (6/24) (C)

Polymorphism vacA
s1m1i19.09% (1/11)10.00% (1/10)58.33% (7/12)81.82% (9/11) (C)
ML, (Z)
s1m2i10.00% (0/11)10.00% (1/10)16.67% (2/12)0.00% (0/11) (C)
s1m2i29.09% (1/11)0.00% (0/10)8.33% (1/12)0.00% (0/11) (C)
s2m2i281.82% (9/11)80.00% (8/10)8.33% (1/12)18.18% (2/11) (C)
NGM, (Z)
KG, (Z)
s1m1-m2i10.00% (0/11)0.00% (0/10)8.33% (1/12)0.00% (0/11) (C)

Gene cagA ()
 Negative90.91% (10/11)80.00% (8/10)8.33% (1/12)18.18% (2/11) (C)
NGM, (Z)
KG, (Z)
 Positive9.09% (1/11)20.00% (2/10)91.67% (11/12)81.82% (9/11) (C)
KG, (Z)
NGM, (Z)

Gene oipA ()
 “OFF”90.91% (10/11)80.00% (8/10)8.33% (1/12)18.18% (2/11) (C)
NGM, (Z)
KG, (Z)
 “ON”9.09% (1/11)20.00% (2/10)91.67% (11/12)81.82% (9/11) (C)
KG, (Z)
NGM, (Z)

significant test; significant most frequent; significant less frequent; A = multicomparison ANOVA test; Sh = post hoc Scheffé’s test for pairwise comparison; C = multicomparison chi-square test; Z = Z-test; HP = H. pylori; coinfected = patients with HP and EBV; NGM = normal gastric mucosa; GCA = active chronic gastritis; KG = gastric cancer; ML = MALT lymphoma;  = cases where gene vacA was present;  =  value.