Role of miR-221/222 in Tumor Development and the Underlying Mechanism

Table 1

Role of miR-221/222 in various cancers and their direct target genes.

Roles in cancer	Cancer types	miR-221/222	Target genes	References
Onco-miRNA	Glioblastoma	Both	puma	[31]
	Gastric cancer	miR-222	reck, hipk2	[32, 33]
		Both	pten	[34]
	Bladder cancer	miR-222	ppp2r2a	[35]
	Lung cancer	miR-222	socs3, ppp2r2a	[36, 37]
	Liver cancer	miR-221	p27, p57, ddit4, bmf, hdac6, adipor1, erα, caspase-3, socs3	[38–46]
		miR-222	ppp2r2a, gnai3, bbc3, pbx3	[47–50]
		Both	pten, timp3, p27	[29, 51]
	Colorectal cancer	miR-221	p27, p57, pten, tp53inp1, reck	[49, 52, 53]
		miR-222	pten, mst3, mia3	[54–56]
		Both	p27, p57, pten, pdlim2	[57, 58]
	Breast cancer	miR-221	A20	[59]
		Both	erα, esr1, mybl1, cdkn1b, bim, cdkn1c, pten, timp3, ddit4	[60–63]
	Cervical cancer	miR-221	vash1, thbs	[64, 66]
		miR-222	p27, pten	[67]
		Both	timp3	[68]
	Ovarian cancer	miR-221	apaf1, bmf,	[69, 70]
		miR-222	p27, socs3, gnai2	[71, 72]
		Both	p57, pten	[66, 73]
	Endometrial carcinoma	miR-222	erα	[74]
	Melanoma	Both	p27, c-kit	[75, 76]
	Pancreatic cancer	miR-222	p27	[77]
	Thyroid cancer	Both	p27, pten	[78–79]
	Multiple myeloma	miR-221	p27kip1	[80]
	Chronic lymphocytic leukemia	Both	p27	[81]
	Oral carcinoma	Both	p27	[82]
	Retinoblastoma	Both	ap2α	[83]
	Nasopharyngeal carcinoma	miR-222	pten	[84]
	Prostate carcinoma	Both	p27	[85]
Tumor suppressor miRNA	Prostate cancer	Both	ecm29	[61]
	Erythroleukemia	Both	kit	[86]
	Gastrointestinal stromal tumors	Both	kit	[87]
	Tongue squamous cell carcinoma	miR-222	mmp1, sod2	[88]
	Cholangiocarcinoma	miR-221	pik3r1	[89]
	Ovarian cancer	miR-221	arf 4	[90]
		miR-222	gnai 2	[91]
	Colorectal cancer	miR-222	adam-17	[92]
	Medulloblastoma	miR-221	eif5a2	[93]